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A BMX sub-discipline combining artistic creativity and technical cycling, this sport is not an Olympic event. Flatland BMX has small international contests and is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) together with other BMX disciplines.A Bhutanese form of wrestling, Dzongkha wrestling is a popular sport during traditional Bhutanese festivals and events. Competitors engage in grappling and various takedown techniques, with the objective of forcing an opponent’s back to the ground or out of the designated ring.
A Canadian ice sport similar to ice hockey, ringette focuses on teamwork, skill development, and non-contact play. Originating in the 1960s as an alternative to hockey for girls, ringette has grown in popularity and boasts a dedicated international community.
A Finnish motor sport revolving around vintage moped racing on rugged off-road tracks, where participants often wear period-appropriate clothing while competing for the title of the Neppis Champion.
A French game with ancient roots dating back to Greco-Roman times, pétanque involves throwing hollow steel balls at a small wooden target (cochonnet). Mainly played in France, the game has spread to other countries, particularly in Europe, and boasts amateur and professional leagues.
A French martial art using wooden canes for striking, blocking, and parrying, emphasizing agility, accuracy, and poise, with practitioners engaging in competitive bouts and skill demonstrations.
A Latvian-originated cue sport, known as “coup pool,” in which participants strike wooden pucks across a square table with a cue, aiming to pocket their opponent’s pucks before their own.
A Peruvian adaptation of Basque pelota, Paleta Frontón is often played on outdoor courts with wooden racquets and a rubber ball. Popular in Peru and parts of Ecuador, the sport has regional variations and is enjoyed by both casual players and professional athletes.
A South African indigenous martial art that incorporates various techniques, focusing on striking opponents using sticks; historically used by Nguni warriors in combat and as a rite of passage.
A Spanish martial art and fencing style that emphasizes fluid movement, agility, and precision. Practitioners, known as Diestros, use rapiers and circular footwork to outmaneuver opponents. Destreza gained popularity in the 16th and 17th centuries and maintains a following in historical European martial arts (HEMA) communities.
A Yachting Rally is a non-competitive sailing event where participants gather to sail a predetermined route together, often with social activities and celebrations at various stops along the way. Yachting rallies promote camaraderie, skill-sharing, and enjoyment of the sailing experience.
A bat-and-ball game with similarities to baseball, rounders has roots in 18th-century England and Ireland. Played predominantly in England, players score by running around a series of posts after striking a thrown ball.
A brand of disc golf equipment, Dynamic Discs manufactures high-quality discs, bags, and accessories for disc golf enthusiasts. Though not a sport in and of itself, the Dynamic Discs name is closely associated with the sport of disc golf and its growing popularity worldwide.
A canine sport inspired by professional scent-detection work, where dogs are trained to locate specific odors, such as essential oils, in various environments. It provides mental and physical stimulation for dogs of all ages and breeds.
A captivating and acrobatic Chinese traditional dance performed during celebrations and festivals, dragon dancing teams manipulate a long, flexible dragon figure, creating mesmerizing patterns and synchronized movements. Though not a competitive sport, dragon dancing requires teamwork, coordination, and physical skill to execute complex choreography.
A challenging and extreme form of kayaking or canoeing, through steep and narrow creek-like waterways. Containing obstacles like waterfalls, slides, and ledges, creeking demands high levels of skill and confidence in maneuvering swiftly flowing water.
A chaotic, adrenaline-fueled motor sport, demolition derby involves drivers intentionally crashing their reinforced vehicles into each other until only one car remains operable. The focus on destruction and spectacle attracts enthusiastic crowds at county fairs and standalone events alike. Popular derbies include the Metal Mayhem, Bash for Cash, and the Demolition Derby World Championship.
A combination of dirt biking and acrobatics, freestyle motocross showcases jaw-dropping stunts. Although not an Olympic sport, the FIM Freestyle Motocross World Championship and X Games are popular competitions, with no specific governing body.
A competitive balancing game from India, where players crouch and use a wooden stick to hit an opponent’s wooden block while keeping their block balanced. The sport tests agility, balance, and reflexes and is often played during community gatherings and festivals.
A competitive dog sport similar to flyball, involving teams of dogs racing over hurdles and retrieving balls. Administered by local and national dog sports organizations, it hosts small, regional competitions rather than international events.
A competitive speed shooting discipline, typically using revolvers or pistols, where participants draw and shoot at targets in the shortest time. Several subdivisions govern this sport at national levels, and it is not part of the Olympic program.
A competitive sport wherein participants race up or down ladders, often as part of a larger obstacle course. This sport requires great agility, speed, and coordination, making it popular among fitness enthusiasts seeking a challenging and unique racing experience.
A competitive team sport for dogs, involving jumping hurdles and retrieving a tennis ball. Governed by the North American Flyball Association (NAFA), flyball holds various regional championships and the annual CanAm Classic tournament.
A creative blend of cycling and self-expression, lowrider cycling features uniquely designed bicycles with long frames, short seats, and elongated handlebars. Participants in this sport customize their bikes and display their creations in parades, contests, or cycling events.
A cross between snowshoeing and Nordic walking, this winter sport uses a combination of poles and snowshoes to traverse various terrains of snow and ice, offering a full-body workout.
A diverse group of Indonesian martial arts characterized by striking, grappling, and weapon-based techniques, Pencak Silat has spread to other Southeast Asian countries. The Pencak Silat World Championships and the Southeast Asian Games include the sport in their programs.
A dynamic team sport that started in Canada and has gained international appeal, Kin-Ball involves three teams playing simultaneously with a large inflated ball that players must keep off the ground while maintaining fair play.
A family of cue sports, played on a pocketless table, where players use a cue stick to strike a cue ball to hit two or more object balls, scoring points based on specific contact requirements. Three-cushion billiards is a popular variant in this category.
A fast-paced bicycle racing sport, held on short, oval dirt tracks. Riders use special bikes without brakes and race in a counter-clockwise direction, with an emphasis on stamina, skill, and strategy. Cycle speedway has regional leagues and national championships.
A fast-paced indoor soccer variant, played with five players per team on a smaller, hard-surface court. Governed by FIFA, futsal is not part of the Olympics, but the FIFA Futsal World Cup stands as the most significant international event.
A fast-paced indoor soccer variation, played on a rectangular court enclosed in glass walls. Developed in France during the 1980s, Jorkyball emphasizes quick reflexes, high energy, and precise ball control, gaining popularity in Europe and beyond.
A fast-paced team sport played with soft balls, where players eliminate opponents by hitting them with a thrown ball without being struck themselves. Dodgeball is popular in schools, community centers, and has even spawned professional leagues and high-profile tournaments like the World Dodgeball Championships.
A form of competitive sailing that uses the Laser, a popular one-person dinghy class sailboat. The sport requires excellent sailing skills, balance, and agility. The Laser class is an Olympic boat and an integral part of the World Sailing Youth Championships.
A form of exercise focusing on bodyweight movements to improve strength, flexibility, and balance. Gymnastics, push-ups, and pull-ups are examples of calisthenic exercises. Competitions and “street workout” events showcase athletes’ skill and creativity.
A form of fishing primarily practiced in the southern United States, where participants catch catfish using their bare hands by reaching into underwater holes and enticing the fish to bite, before pulling it out.
A form of horse racing where horses gallop on a leveled track, it’s a popular sport at prestigious events like Royal Ascot and Kentucky Derby. Not an Olympic sport, it is governed by respective national racing organizations.
A form of juggling that involves manipulating a spool on a string using two handsticks. Diabolo performers exhibit impressive dexterity and coordination while combining tricks, tosses, and catches. The sport is popular among juggling enthusiasts and circus performers.
A form of rock climbing performed without safety ropes over deep bodies of water, allowing climbers to push their limits without fear of serious injury from falls. This thrilling and adventurous sport requires strong swimming skills and acute awareness of climbing techniques.
A form of triathlon for athletes with disabilities, Paratriathlon includes a modified version of swimming, cycling, and running. The sport made its Paralympic debut at the 2016 Rio Games, and other events include national and international championships.
A freestyle skiing discipline in which athletes navigate a course of moguls, which are small bumps made of snow. Competitions emphasize speed, turns, and aerial maneuvers. An Olympic sport since 1992, it’s part of the FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup circuit.
A fun and competitive racket sport played on the deck of a ship, players throw a ring to opponents over a net without letting it touch the ground. Suitable for all ages, Deck Tennis is an enjoyable pastime for cruise ship passengers and maritime enthusiasts.
A fun, scaled-down version of traditional golf, miniature golf is played on small, obstacle-laden courses. Requiring precision and strategy, the sport is popular for family outings and recreational play, with large-scale tournaments such as the Masters of Miniature Golf Championship.
A fusion of cricket and tennis, where players use a tennis racket and a tennis ball while following cricket rules like run-scoring and wicket-taking. Played in parks and open spaces, cricket tennis enables a casual and accessible alternative to traditional cricket.
A futuristic racing sport that utilizes small, high-speed remote-controlled drones equipped with cameras to navigate complex, three-dimensional courses. Drone racing is growing in popularity, with major events like the Drone Racing League (DRL) and MultiGP Drone Racing championship pushing the limits of technology and piloting skill.
A grueling and iconic off-road endurance race, the Dakar Rally challenges competitors to traverse thousands of miles across treacherous terrain in cars, trucks, motorcycles, and quads. Originally traversing from Paris to Dakar, the race has since moved to South America and now Saudi Arabia due to safety concerns. Organized by the Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), the Dakar Rally tests not only the drivers’ skill and endurance, but also the durability and performance of their vehicles. The event draws international attention, with a diverse lineup of professional and amateur racers taking on the daunting challenge.
A gymnastics discipline also known as still rings, this event features two rings suspended from cables, with gymnasts performing gravity-defying strength and balance movements. A longstanding Olympic sport, it showcases immense upper body power and control.
A gymnastics event, the pommel horse involves athletes performing routines on a padded, elongated apparatus featuring handles. As a classic discipline within artistic gymnastics, it has been part of the Olympic program since the first modern Games in 1896.
A half marathon is a road running event of 21.0975 kilometres —half the distance of a marathon. It is common for a half marathon event to be held concurrently with a marathon or a 5K race, using almost the same course with a late start, an early finish or shortcuts.
A handcycle is a type of human-powered land vehicle powered by the arms rather than the legs, as on a bicycle. Most handcycles are tricycle in form, with two coasting rear wheels and one steerable powered front wheel. Despite usually having three wheels, they are also known as handbikes.
A high-octane motorsport that merges the intensity of circuit racing with the unpredictability of off-road terrain and thrilling jumps, rallycross has captivated audiences since the late 1960s. The discipline features drivers competing in multi-lap races on a closed circuit, composed of varying surfaces like dirt, gravel, and asphalt. The sport emphasizes not only speed but also the driver’s dexterity and vehicle control.
A high-speed boat racing competition featuring specialized hydroplane vessels that race on a diamond-shaped course. Participants showcase skill and strategy while navigating the challenging waterways, making Diamond Racing a popular event among aquatic sports enthusiasts.
A historical Irish wrestling style, where competitors grip each other’s collar and elbow, focusing on technique, balance, and leverage to take down opponents in a display of strength and skill.
A hula hoop is a toy hoop that is twirled around the waist, limbs or neck. It can also be wheeled along the ground like a wheel, with careful execution. They have been used by children and adults since at least 500 BC. The modern hula hoop was inspired by Australian bamboo hoops.
A hybrid between a bicycle and a scooter, footbikes are human-powered vehicles propelled by pushing off the ground with one leg. Not an Olympic sport or governed by an international organization, footbiking enthusiasts participate in regional and national events.
A hybrid sport combining snowboarding, skateboarding, and off-road techniques, mountainboarding allows enthusiasts to ride on dirt and grass when snow is scarce. A growing sport, it is represented by the International Mountainboarding Association.
A hybrid sport that combines elements of soccer, horse polo, and golf, with players aiming to score goals using a soccer ball on a golf course. Largely played on an informal basis, Foot Golf Polo doesn’t have an Olympic presence or a prominent international organization.
A lesser-known sport that combines golf and frisbee elements, where players throw a frisbee towards a designated area with as few throws as possible. This recreational sport has no governing body or Olympic presence but enjoys a small following in local clubs and events.
A long-distance equestrian competition where horses and riders traverse varied terrain, requiring stamina, navigational skills, and a strong horse-rider partnership to overcome natural obstacles and challenges.
A long-distance motorsport where drivers navigate point-to-point courses at high speeds, primarily on unpaved roads. World Rally Championship is the sport’s premier event, testing the endurance and skill of both drivers and vehicles.
A long-range archery discipline in which archers aim at a distant target on the ground, requiring strength, precision, and trajectory estimation to hit the mark, making it a challenging and rewarding sport.
A martial art form combining Tang Soo Do’s traditional Korean techniques with modern combat adaptations, enhancing self-defense skills, physical fitness, and discipline through rigorous training and sparring exercises.
A methodical and stealthy technique of hunting deer through silent, deliberate tracking and observation. Deer stalkers rely on their knowledge of deer behavior, skilled marksmanship, and patience to responsibly engage in this popular hunting sport.
A modern Korean martial art that focuses on self-defense, incorporating various techniques like strikes, joint locks, and throws. Combat hapkido emphasizes practicality and effectiveness, offering a diverse and adaptable approach to personal safety and discipline.
A modern Russian martial art and self-defense system based on judo and traditional folk wrestling styles. Combat Sambo incorporates techniques such as strikes, throws, and grappling while emphasizing practicality and adaptability in real-life situations.
A modern martial art, Nunchaku-do focuses on the use of nunchaku, a traditional Okinawan weapon consisting of two sticks connected by a chain or rope. It was made popular internationally by Bruce Lee in his martial arts films, and is practiced today as a form of self-defense and for performance demonstrations.
A modified version of paintball that uses lighter equipment and smaller paintballs, reducing the force and potential for injury. Low impact paintball is an appealing option for younger players, families, or those looking for a more accessible entry into the sport.
A motorsport subcategory, midget car racing features small, open-wheel race cars. Popularized in the United States during the mid-20th century, it’s now an international sport, with series like the Australian Speedway Championship attracting global fans.
A motorsport that challenges drivers to navigate a designated course while maintaining optimal control and speed during intentional oversteering or skidding. The sport showcases driving skill, precision, and vehicle handling. Drifting competitions such as Formula Drift and D1 Grand Prix attract large fan followings worldwide.
A multidisciplinary military sports event for naval personnel, consisting of an obstacle course, swimming, shooting, and cross-country running. The sport has World Championships and has featured in the Military World Games.
A multisport race composed of running and cycling disciplines, duathlons challenge athletes to excel in both endurance and speed. Governed by the International Triathlon Union (ITU), duathlon competitions occur on various terrains and formats, including the ITU World Duathlon Championships and the Powerman World Series.
A niche sport where two-player teams on bicycles compete to score goals by striking a ball with their wheels, testing balance, coordination, and teamwork in an unusual and thrilling competition.
A non-contact version of rugby, suitable for all ages, where players grab flags rather than tackling. National associations govern flag rugby, and it’s not an Olympic sport. Popular regional and national tournaments are held annually.
A part of the equestrian eventing discipline, where horse and rider navigate a course of natural and man-made obstacles at high speed. Requiring stamina, bravery, and a strong horse-rider partnership, cross-country equestrianism is an exhilarating and demanding sport.
A performer stands inside the wheel with feet and hands on the rim, looking like Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man. The performer rolls and spins on the edge of the wheel, causing it to move gyroscopically.
A physically demanding test of firefighter skills and strength, this sport highlights the necessity of fitness in firefighting. While not an Olympic sport, the Firefighter Combat World Challenge is its most famous competition.
A popular Olympic aquatic sport, diving involves athletes jumping from a platform or springboard into water while performing acrobatic maneuvers. Governed by the International Swimming Federation (FINA), prestigious diving events include the FINA World Aquatics Championships and the Olympic Games.
A popular Russian card game, Durak is not a sport in the traditional sense but requires strategic thinking, skill, and keen observation. As a social and competitive pastime, Durak is widely enjoyed for its blend of strategy, opportunity, and unpredictability during gameplay.
A popular form of recreational fishing targeting non-predatory freshwater fish species, emphasizing patience, technique, and environmental appreciation, as anglers use various bait and tackle to catch a wide variety of fish.
A popular obstacle course competition inspired by the Japanese television show Sasuke, testing participants’ physical and mental strength, speed, and endurance. Various regional and national tournaments are held annually.
A popular variation of darts, Darts Cricket, combines the rules of cricket with the conventional dartboard setup. Players ‘bat’ and ‘bowl’ by throwing darts to score points, and the objective is to score more runs for their team. This variant is popular at clubs and pubs, especially in the UK.
A popular water sport blending elements of surfing, waterskiing, and wakeboarding, as participants ride on their knees on a hydrodynamically-shaped board while holding onto a tow rope pulled by a boat.
A popular winter sport that involves skiing down snow-covered slopes at high speeds. Alpine skiing events, such as slalom and giant slalom, are featured in the Winter Olympic Games, and the International Ski Federation (FIS) oversees international ski competitions, including the FIS Alpine Ski World Cup.
A professional touring car championship series in Germany, featuring high-performance racing vehicles from major manufacturers like Audi, BMW, and Mercedes-Benz. DTM is a popular motorsport event that draws large crowds and intense competition among elite racing teams.
A prop manipulation skill and juggling art that involves using two handsticks to control and manipulate a larger, central stick. Devil Stick performances showcase the performer’s dexterity, hand-eye coordination, and creativity, making it a popular discipline in juggling circles and live performances.
A quick, simple playground game involving a ball, four players, and a four-square court. It’s not an Olympic sport or governed by a large international organization, but local tournaments and clubs exist.
A racquet sport resembling tennis played on smaller courts, Paddle Tennis originated in the United States in the early 20th century. The American Platform Tennis Association’s National Championships and the World Paddle Tennis Championships are among its famous tournaments.
A recreational wind tunnel enables human beings to experience the sensation of flight without planes or parachutes, through the force of wind being generated vertically. Air moves upwards at approximately 195 km/h (120 mph or 55 m/s), the terminal velocity of a falling human body belly-downwards. A vertical wind tunnel is frequently called 'indoor skydiving' due to the popularity of vertical wind tunnels among skydivers, who report that the sensation is extremely similar to skydiving. The human body 'floats' in midair in a vertical wind tunnel, replicating the physics of 'body flight' or 'bodyflight' experienced during freefall.
A scaled-down version of ice hockey, played on a smaller rink with fewer players and modified rules. Cross ice hockey is often used for youth development and training, emphasizing fundamental skills, teamwork, and enjoyment of the game.
A showcase of adrenaline-pumping action, the X-games is a premier extreme sports competition featuring athletes from around the world. Events include skateboarding, BMX, snowboarding, and freestyle motocross. Since its inception in 1995, the X-games have pushed the boundaries of what’s possible in action sports, inspiring countless fans and competitors alike.
A sport created from a simple toy, Pogo Stick Jumping sees athletes bouncing on a spring-loaded device, performing tricks and stunts. Big events include the annual Pogopalooza, where competitors showcase their skills and compete for titles.
A sport derived from skateboarding that features a longer and wider board, offering greater stability and easier maneuverability. Longboarding gained popularity in the 1990s and continues to be a favorite activity among board sports enthusiasts, with riders tackling downhill races, free-riding, or cruising along streets and parks.
A sport of Indian origin, gymkhana encompasses competitive equestrian games testing horse and rider’s skill, accuracy, and agility. Not recognized as an Olympic sport, gymkhana has regional clubs and events worldwide, such as Mounted Games and Pony Club.
A sport similar to cross-country gliding, gliding precision focuses on highly accurate landings and tasks that require precise flying. While not an Olympic sport, it also falls under the FAI’s broader gliding regulations and championship series.
A sport similar to racquetball, Paddleball is played with a small rubber ball and solid paddles in a four-walled indoor court. Competitions like the National One-Wall Paddleball Championship are organized across the United States, where the sport originated in the 1930s.
A sport where remote-controlled or autonomous robots battle one another in an arena. Competitors build and design their own machines, featuring weapons like spinning blades, hammers, or flamethrowers, to engage in exciting, action-packed clashes.
A strategic board game, also known as Korean chess, played on a 9×10 grid. Janggi has ancient origins, tracing back to the 16th century, and remains a beloved pastime in South Korea, featuring a professional league and annual championships.
A strength sport, powerlifting involves athletes competing in three attempts at maximal weight single lifts: squat, bench press, and deadlift. Powerlifting events include the World Powerlifting Championships and various regional and national competitions.
A strength-focused weightlifting exercise that involves lifting a dumbbell from the ground to an overhead position in a single motion. The sport tests an athlete’s raw power, speed, and control, making it an essential component of functional fitness and athletic conditioning programs.
A style of Chinese martial arts characterized by its fast, fluid movements and emphasis on agility, making use of grappling and striking techniques inspired by the predatory actions of the praying mantis insect.
A style of Russian martial art centered on hand-to-hand combat and self-defense techniques. Combining elements of judo, jujitsu, and traditional Russian folk wrestling, Combat Samba focuses on practical applications and adaptability to real-life situations.
A subdivision of LARPing (Live Action Role Playing), LARP combat focuses on the physical aspect of the sport, with participants engaging in organized battles using foam weapons and various armor. This activity allows players to immerse themselves in a more combat-centered role-playing experience.
A subset of archery that takes place outdoors, simulating a hunt by shooting at targets. Governed by the World Archery Federation (WA), field archery is often a part of major archery events but not an Olympic sport.
A team-based sport that combines elements of archery, dodgeball, and paintball. Played with foam-tipped arrows, players aim to eliminate opponents or hit targets to score points. Combat archery tag demands agility, teamwork, and accuracy.
A thrilling and intense sport that combines the precision of archery with the excitement of a team-based game. Participants use foam-tipped arrows to eliminate opponents or strike designated targets, fostering a mix of skill, teamwork, and strategy.
A thrilling off-road motorsport activity that takes place in desert environments, dune bashing involves driving modified vehicles like SUVs, ATVs, or dirt bikes at high speeds across sand dunes. The sport requires skill, vehicle control, and a sense of adventure to navigate challenging terrain and tackle thrilling jumps.
A thrilling sailboarding discipline combining kiteboarding with racing, expected to be included in the 2024 Summer Olympics. Governed by World Sailing, popular international competitions include the Formula Kite World Championships.
A thrilling swimming event where teams compete in medley or freestyle races, with each swimmer covering a designated distance before the next teammate plunges into the pool. Part of the Olympic Games, relay swimming showcases speed, teamwork, and strategy.
A thrilling water sport that combines elements of wakeboarding, windsurfing, and paragliding. Participants use a specialized kite to harness the wind’s power and perform aerial tricks while being pulled across the water. Kitesurfing has gained international recognition with professional competitions like the GKA Kite World Tour.
A track and field event, in particular one for women, in which each competitor takes part in the same prescribed seven events (100-meter hurdles, high jump, shot put, 200-meter dash, long jump, javelin, and 800-meter run).
A traditional Assamese sport, similar to rugby, played with a ball made from bamboo and cloth. Teams score points by passing the ball through a designated scoring area. Dhopkhel is typically played during the Rongali Bihu festival, showcasing the rich cultural traditions of Assam.
A traditional Bhutanese sport that has been practiced for centuries, Dzongkha archery involves shooting arrows at a small target set at a considerable distance. Archery holds a special place in Bhutanese culture, with numerous traditional competitions, festivals, and celebrations featuring the sport.
A traditional British sport focused on pursuing a fox across the countryside, with hounds leading the chase, followed on horseback or on foot. Fox hunting is neither an Olympic sport nor governed by an international organization.
A traditional Chinese gambling sport where specially-bred male crickets face each other in combat. Participants match their crickets based on size, aggression, and past wins, with the cricket driving its opponent out of the ring or immobilizing it declared the victor.
A traditional Croatian game played in Dalmatia, Peša involves groups of players using their hands to hit a small cloth ball filled with seeds or sand. It is played in various towns across the region, where it remains a cultural fixture.
A traditional Dutch game resembling baseball, called “Honkbal” in the Netherlands. This sport is notably popular in the Dutch Caribbean, and the Netherlands’ national team has garnered significant success on the international stage, including winning the European Baseball Championship multiple times.
A traditional Dutch sport, Fierljeppen requires athletes to vault across a body of water using a long pole. Having regional popularity in the Netherlands, this sport is not an Olympic event or governed by a specific international organization.
A traditional Estonian game, Pärk is a bat-and-ball sport with elements of baseball and cricket. Occasionally played during festivals and folk events, the game features defenders trying to catch a ball hit by the attacking team.
A traditional Irish sport that tests the agility and endurance of competitors, who race while carrying a partner on their back, fostering camaraderie, teamwork, and physical fitness in a unique challenge.
A traditional Irish sport, Poc Fada requires players to hurl a sliotar (small leather ball) using a hurley as far as possible. The annual All-Ireland Poc Fada Championship, held in County Louth, sees hurlers competing in distance and accuracy contests.
A traditional Japanese dance art form, Dansu involves both men and women performing intricate, expressive movements accompanied by music. Typically performed during festivals or cultural events, Dansu is an essential aspect of Japanese tradition and culture.
A traditional Japanese martial art developed by ninja warriors, focusing on techniques in espionage, sabotage, and stealth combat. Modern practitioners study historical methods alongside contemporary self-defense techniques.
A traditional Polynesian ball game, Te Ano tests players’ agility, teamwork, and reflexes as they use their hands to toss and catch a small, woven ball in a high-energy, fast-paced match.
A traditional Russian sport, Pesa Melnichnaya involves throwing a cylindrical weight over a set distance. Participants use a swinging motion to launch the weight, originating from an old miller’s exercise for improving their work strength and efficiency.
A traditional Samoan sport, Kilikiti is a variation of cricket played with a distinctly curved bat and set to lively music, fostering camaraderie and fostering strong ties within communities.
A traditional Turkish equestrian sport, where horse-mounted players hurl javelin-like sticks at opposing team members, aiming to hit them without causing injury. With roots in Central Asian warfare, Cirit showcases horsemanship, skill, and agility.
A traditional form of wrestling popular in the Indian subcontinent and known as Kushti or Pehlwani. Athletes compete on clay or dirt surfaces, and the objective is to pin the opponent’s shoulders to the ground. The sport has deep cultural roots and is practiced in regional competitions and local Akharas (wrestling schools).
A traditional grappling sport originating in Cornwall, England, where opponents aim to throw each other to the ground using specific holds. Characterized by its unique style and emphasis on technique, it enjoys support from regional communities and organizations.
A traditional mode of transportation and competitive sport in cold regions, dog sledding involves teams of dogs pulling sleds with a human driver, known as a musher, over snow and ice. The Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race and the Yukon Quest are two famous long-distance dog-sledding events.
A traditional outdoor activity practiced worldwide, deer hunting involves the pursuit and harvesting of deer for sport, wildlife management, or food. Ethical and sustainable practices, as well as safety measures, are emphasized to protect both hunters and the environment. Various organizations oversee hunting regulations and conservation efforts, including the National Deer Association (NDA) in the United States and the British Deer Society (BDS) in the UK. Deer hunting seasons and methods may vary depending on location and species.
A traditional outdoor version of lacrosse played on a field. Governed by the World Lacrosse organization, this compelling sport is not currently part of the Olympic program. The World Lacrosse Championship is the leading international tournament.
A traditional sport from Nepal that resembles cricket, Dandi Biyo involves striking a wooden pin while preventing an opponent from catching it. Played during the Nepali festival of Dashain, the game is often played outdoors with simple equipment like sticks and wooden pieces.
A traditional sport from the Darchula district in far-western Nepal, Darchula Taal is a unique indigenous game that involves players kicking or hitting a wooden target. Played during special occasions and festivities, this sport showcases the rich cultural heritage of Nepal.
A traditional team sport from the Isle of Man, similar to Scottish shinty or Irish hurling. Cammag involves players using curved sticks to hit a small ball, aiming to move it down the field and score goals against the opposing team.
A type of combat sport that predates modern mixed martial arts, often characterized by minimal rules and regulations, allowing a wide range of striking and grappling techniques sourced from different martial arts styles.
A type of horse racing primarily popular in the United Kingdom and Ireland, involving racehorses jumping over fences and ditches, with major events like the Cheltenham Festival and the Grand National.
A type of motor racing where competitors compete to cover a straight, quarter-mile track in the shortest possible time. Governed by the International Hot Rod Association (IHRA) and the National Hot Rod Association (NHRA), drag racing events like the NHRA Nationals draw massive crowds and showcase incredible automotive engineering feats.
A type of track cycling event where riders draft behind a pacer on motorized bicycles known as Dernys. The objective is to maintain the highest speed possible without overtaking the pacer, testing cyclists’ agility, endurance, and tactical skills.
A type of water sport that takes place on speedboats with powerful engines, powerboating includes several disciplines, such as racing and water-skiing. Popular events like the Union Internationale Motonautique Class 1 World Powerboat Championship draw onlookers and enthusiasts worldwide.
A unique German-origin sport that combines table tennis and soccer, Headis challenges athletes to hit a ball across a table using only their head. Gaining rapid popularity across Europe and beyond, the sport hosts international and national competitions.
A unique adaptation of football (soccer) that aims to be more accessible for individuals with dyslexia or other learning challenges. Modifications may include adjusted game rules, visual aids, and supportive coaching techniques that create an inclusive and enjoyable sports experience.
A unique archery discipline in which participants shoot arrows at color-coded targets, requiring precision, concentration, and quick decision-making to score points based on the color of the target hit.
A unique combination of polo and soccer, played on motorcycles, motoball involves maneuvering a ball into a goal. Founded in the 1930s, the sport is most popular in Europe, where it’s played at the European Motoball Championship.
A unique form of fishing, known for using a lightweight lure or fly, requiring specialized casting techniques. The International Fly Fishing Championship, under the FIPS-Mouche, is a popular event, although it’s not an Olympic sport.
A variant of bocce, an ancient Italian ball-throwing sport, Raffa Bocce focuses on precision and accuracy. Players throw or roll their ball, aiming to get it as close as possible to the smaller “pallino” ball. Raffa is played mainly in Italy and has been part of the World Bocce Championships since 1981, though it is not part of the Olympics.
A variant of candlepin bowling, where teams of three compete in a unique format, emphasizing teamwork, strategy, and adaptability, as players strive to knock down slender pins with a smaller ball.
A variant of lacrosse played indoors within an enclosed space, often on a similar-sized rink as hockey. This fast-paced sport emphasizes physical contact and high-scoring skills, with the National Lacrosse League (NLL) being the premier box lacrosse organization.
A variant of volleyball involving a circular net instead of a traditional rectangular one. Teams must prevent the ball from hitting the ground while maintaining a fast-paced, clockwise motion around the net, resulting in a dynamic and engaging playing experience.
A variation of American handball, one-wall handball emerged in the early 20th century in New York City. Played with only one wall, it has gained popularity in urban areas and is now played in countries around the world. The World Handball Championship includes one-wall handball events, with players from the United States, Belgium, and Ireland dominating the tournaments.
A variation of field hockey designed to be played on hard surfaces rather than grass. Played with a hard plastic ball and lighter sticks, land hockey is an alternative to the traditional field hockey, offering a faster-paced, high-energy game to players.
A variation of softball with faster pitching and more advanced techniques, governed by the International Softball Federation (ISF). Fastpitch softball is set to make its Olympic return at the 2028 Summer Games in Los Angeles.
A variation of the sport of logrolling, involving male and female partners competing against other teams to stay atop a log on the water. Jack and Jill events are typically held during lumberjack competitions in North America and Australia.
A variation of the traditional French game of pétanque, Pétanque Libre allows players more freedom in movement and positioning when throwing their boules. Played casually and in informal tournaments, it offers a fun, inclusive atmosphere for all skill levels.
A variation of the traditional cricket game, linear cricket is played with a smaller team and involves unique tactics and strategies. Its simple rules allow players of all ages to enjoy the game, making it a popular choice for neighborhood parks and community groups.
A visual performing art, often associated with marching bands, involving synchronized movement and the manipulation of equipment like flags, rifles, and sabers. Color guard competitions showcase teamwork, creativity, and skilled performers blending athleticism and artistic expression.
A western riding equestrian sport that showcases advanced horsemanship skills, reining has riders guide their horses through a precise routine with spins, stops, and circles. The sport is overseen by the Fédération Equestre Internationale.
A winter sport combining cross-country skiing and ski jumping, Nordic Combined dates back to the late 19th century in Norway. It has been featured in every Winter Olympics since the inaugural games in 1924. The Holmenkollen Ski Festival in Norway is one of the most prestigious annual competitions in the sport.
A workout regimen and sport that involves boxing exercises without actual combat, focusing on strength and technique development. Not an Olympic sport, though it falls under amateur boxing organizations, which encourage fitness and sportsmanship in boxing.
AFL Wheelchair is an inclusive adaptation of Australian Football, designed for athletes with mobility impairments. Competitors use specially-designed wheelchairs to navigate the field and handle the ball, retaining key aspects of the original game while offering an exciting and accessible sporting opportunity for all abilities.
AFLX is a modified version of Australian Football designed for faster gameplay and smaller playing areas. Featuring reduced team sizes and simplified rules, the sport offers high-intensity action and a more accessible introduction to the traditional game, making it popular among amateur players and communities.
Acrobatic Gymnastics combines strength, flexibility, and balance as athletes perform complex routines in pairs or groups. These performances involve a variety of lifts, throws, and holds, demanding exceptional coordination and trust between partners as they strive to impress the judges.
Acroski, also known as ski ballet, is a hybrid sport that combines elements of skiing and figure skating. Athletes perform choreographed routines set to music, showcasing their creativity, agility, and technical skill on the slopes. Though no longer an Olympic event, it remains a fascinating display of artistic athleticism.
Action sports, adventure sports or extreme sports are activities perceived as involving a high degree of risk. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion and highly specialized gear. Extreme tourism overlaps with extreme sport.
Adventure Golf, often referred to as mini-golf or putt-putt, is a fun and accessible sport that challenges players to navigate creatively-designed courses with various obstacles. The objective is to complete each hole in the fewest strokes, making precision and strategy key components of the game.
Adventure Racing tests the endurance, navigation, and teamwork skills of participants as they traverse diverse terrain and overcome various challenges. These multidisciplinary races often include activities such as mountain biking, trail running, and kayaking, with teams working together to complete the course as quickly as possible.
Aerials is a breathtaking freestyle skiing discipline, where athletes launch off snow ramps to perform daring flips and twists in mid-air. Competitors aim to impress judges with their height, form, and execution, while also maintaining control during their daring descents and landings.
Aerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness. It is usually performed to music and may be practiced in a group setting led by an instructor.
Aeromodeling is a fascinating hobby and competitive sport that involves designing, building, and flying model aircraft. Enthusiasts can choose from a range of disciplines, such as radio-controlled, free-flight, and control line, each requiring skill and attention to detail to excel in performance and craftsmanship.
Aesthetic Group Gymnastics merges gymnastics, dance, and ballet in a mesmerizing team sport. Athletes perform coordinated, expressive routines set to music, focusing on harmony, flexibility, and synchronization. With no apparatuses involved, the emphasis is on fluid movement and captivating artistic expression.
Aggressive Inline Skating takes rollerblading to the extreme, with athletes performing daring stunts, grinds, and flips on skate parks, street obstacles, and halfpipes. This thrilling sport requires skill, creativity, and fearlessness as competitors push the boundaries of what can be done on inline skates.
Aikido is a modern Japanese martial art that emphasizes harmony, fluid movement, and non-aggressive techniques. Developed by Morihei Ueshiba in the early 20th century, Aikido focuses on using an attacker’s energy and movements against them, rather than relying on brute force. Practitioners learn to blend with and redirect the force of an attack, often resulting in joint locks and throws. Aikido is practiced worldwide for self-defense, physical fitness, and personal development.
Air Hockey is a fast-paced, tabletop game where players use handheld strikers to hit a small puck across a smooth, air-cushioned surface, aiming to score goals in their opponent’s net. Requiring quick reflexes and strategic thinking, air hockey is a popular recreational activity enjoyed by all ages.
Air racing is a motorsport that involves pilots navigating a course in the air at high speeds, typically using small, agile aircraft. Races can be categorized into different types, such as pylon racing, where pilots fly around a set course marked by pylons, and cross-country racing, which involves covering a long distance in the shortest possible time. Air racing requires skill, precision, and quick decision-making. Some notable air racing events include the Red Bull Air Race World Championship and the Reno Air Races.
Airsoft is a competitive team sport that involves players eliminating opponents by hitting them with plastic pellets fired from replica firearms. The sport emphasizes strategy, teamwork, and tactics, with various game scenarios and objectives. Airsoft events can take place in indoor or outdoor settings and often involve military simulation, where participants wear camouflage and use realistic weapon replicas. Safety gear, such as eye protection and face masks, is essential in airsoft to prevent injury.
All contestants must attempt to go under the bar with their backs facing toward the floor. When passing under the bar, players must bend backwards. No part of their body is allowed to touch the bar, and no part other than their feet may touch the ground. They must not turn their head or neck to the side.
All-Terrain Boarding, also known as mountain boarding or dirtboarding, combines the exhilaration of snowboarding, skateboarding, and off-road biking. Riders navigate various terrains on boards equipped with large wheels and bindings, using their balance, agility, and speed to tackle downhill courses, jumps, and other obstacles.
Alpine skiing is a winter sport that involves descending snow-covered slopes on skis with fixed-heel bindings. The sport encompasses various disciplines, such as slalom, giant slalom, super-G, downhill, and combined events. Slalom and giant slalom races require skiers to navigate a course marked by gates, while downhill and super-G events focus on speed and technical ability. Alpine skiing is a popular recreational activity and a competitive sport, with international competitions like the Winter Olympic Games, World Cup, and World Championships.
Alpinism, or mountaineering, is the challenging and adventurous pursuit of climbing and traversing mountains. This sport tests the physical endurance, technical skills, and mental fortitude of climbers as they face harsh conditions and potential hazards while ascending some of the world’s most awe-inspiring peaks.
Also called Danish Rounders, this traditional outdoor sport is played with a bat, ball, and players divided into two teams. The objective is to score more runs by hitting the ball and running around bases without being tagged out. Danish Longball maintains a dedicated base of recreational players, primarily in Denmark.
Also called Pesäpallo, this Finnish version of baseball has distinct rules and gameplay. Governed by the International Pesäpallo Federation, it’s not an Olympic sport, but the annual Finnish Baseball Championship series attracts fans and players.
Also called hacky sack, this sport involves kicking a small bag without letting it touch the ground. The International Footbag Players’ Association (IFPA) governs the annual World Footbag Championships. Not an Olympic sport.
Also called skydiving, parachuting involves jumping from an aircraft and controlling freefall motion before releasing a parachute. Competitive disciplines include formation skydiving and accuracy landing, with events like the World Parachuting Championships featuring the sport’s best athletes.
Also known as Canoe Polo, this invigorating team sport combines the elements of kayaking and water polo as players score goals by throwing a ball into the opponents’ net while paddling in specialized kayaks.
Also known as MotoGP, Grand Prix motorcycle racing is the premier class of motorcycle road racing. Governed by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), the MotoGP World Championship is the most prestigious event in the sport, attracting top riders from around the world. Though not part of the Olympic program, MotoGP races draw massive audiences and have a considerable following.
Also known as Newcombe, this sport is an early variation of volleyball, invented by Clara Baer in the United States in the late 1800s. Teams pass or throw a ball across a net without letting it touch the ground. Although not as popular as volleyball, Newcomb Ball has retained a place in physical education curriculums in schools.
Also known as bola or hillbilly horseshoes, this yard game involves players tossing bolas (ropes with balls attached at each end) onto rungs of a ladder-like structure. Highly adaptable for all sorts of landscapes, ladder golf is a popular choice for family gatherings and casual sporting events.
Also known as disc golf, its aim is to throw a frisbee into metal baskets located on a course. The Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA) oversees the sport, with the PDGA World Championship as a major event. Not an Olympic sport.
Also known as dødball or slåball, this Norwegian sport is a mixture of baseball and rounders, featuring two teams batting and fielding with modified rules, making it more accessible and enjoyable for participants of all ages and skill levels.
Also known as footbag, this modern sport challenges players to keep a small round bag off the ground using their feet and other body parts, excluding hands and arms. With a dedicated global following, hacksack competitions, like the Footbag World Championships, showcase players’ agility and creativity.
Also known as futnet, this ball game combines elements of soccer and tennis. The International Oneminton Federation governs this sport, and the Futnet World Championships is its most popular event. It is not part of the Olympic program.
Also known as kayak polo, it’s a competitive water sport played between two teams in canoes or kayaks. The objective is to score goals by throwing a water polo ball into the opponent’s net, using paddles and boat control to maneuver and strategize.
Also known as rackets, this lesser-known precursor to squash originated in 18th-century England. Played with a hard ball and a stringed racket in an enclosed court, racquets remains a niche sport practiced in traditional British clubs and select American establishments. It has not been included in the Olympic program.
Also known as sailplane aerobatics, gliding aerobatics is a breathtaking sport that sees pilots perform acrobatic stunts with non-powered aircraft. Governed by the FAI, the sport includes prominent events such as the World Glider Aerobatic Championships.
Also known as skibobbing, this niche winter sport involves riding snow with a bicycle-like device. Although not in the Olympics, passionate individuals participate recreationally, and regional events occasionally take place.
Also known as team handball, European handball is a fast-paced team sport involving two teams of seven players each, who attempt to throw a ball into the opposing team’s goal.
Also known as “Bola Queimada,” this Brazilian game resembles dodgeball, with origins dating back to the early 20th century. Players aim to eliminate opponents by hitting them with a ball or capturing them. In Brazil, Queimada tournaments are organized at state and national levels, featuring various age categories.
Although not a sport, dyeing is a creative art that involves applying color to textiles or other materials using dyes. The process can be complex and requires skill, patience, and creativity. Dyeing techniques vary widely, from simple tie-dye to intricate batik or shibori methods.
Although not an Olympic sport, Ultimate Frisbee, governed by the World Flying Disc Federation (WFDF), attracts players and spectators alike. Major tournaments include the World Ultimate and Guts Championship and the World Ultimate Club Championships.
Although often considered an adventurous recreational activity, ziplining can be viewed as a sport when it involves a competitive element or requires physical prowess. Ziplining involves traversing from one point to another while suspended from a cable, usually made of stainless steel. Participants wear a harness connected to a pulley that glides along the cable, allowing them to experience the thrill of soaring through the air at high speeds. Ziplining courses can be found in various locations, including forests, mountains, and even urban settings.
An American variation of croquet, roque preserves the basic elements of hitting balls through wickets, but introduces a hard, smooth surface and enclosed playing area. Although niche, roque had a brief moment in the 1904 Olympic Games spotlight.
An Argentinean non-contact team sport combining elements of basketball and handball. With two teams, players strive to score points by throwing a ball into their opponent’s net. Cestoball encourages teamwork and highlights players’ agility and coordination.
An Ironman Triathlon is one of a series of long-distance triathlon races organized by the World Triathlon Corporation, consisting of a 2.4-mile swim, a 112-mile bicycle ride and a marathon 26.22-mile run completed in that order, a total of 140.6 miles.
An Olympic discipline, Freestyle Wrestling is governed by United World Wrestling (UWW). The sport is internationally popular, notably in North America, and holds various competitions, such as the Wrestling World Championships, Pan American Games, and Asian Games.
An Olympic sport encompassing several disciplines, such as aerials, moguls, and ski cross. Governed by the International Ski Federation (FIS), the FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup and the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships are popular competitions in this thrilling sport.
An acrobatic style of bicycle riding, Freestyle BMX became an Olympic sport at the 2020 Tokyo Games. Governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), this thrilling sport includes the annual UCI BMX Freestyle World Cup.
An adapted version of traditional curling, designed to be accessible for people with physical disabilities. Played indoors on smooth surfaces, participants launch stones with ball bearings towards a target, aiming for the highest score.
An adrenaline-fueled form of off-road cycling, downhill mountain biking involves descending steep, rugged terrain at high speeds. The sport requires specialized bikes, safety gear, and superior bike handling skills. The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) governs international competitions, including the Mountain Bike World Cup and World Championships.
An adventurous activity of exploring natural and artificial underground spaces. Known as speleology, caving challenges participants’ physical and mental abilities, often requiring climbing, crawling, and navigation skills in dark, confined environments.
An adventurous and thrilling water sport, deep sea fishing involves venturing far from the coastline in search of large, elusive fish species, such as marlin, tuna, and swordfish. Anglers use specialized equipment and techniques to battle and land these impressive catches. Organizations like the International Game Fish Association (IGFA) promote ethical and sustainable fishing practices while maintaining records and hosting prestigious tournaments, such as the World Offshore Championship and the Big Rock Blue Marlin Tournament.
An adventurous outdoor activity combining rock climbing, swimming, and cliff jumping, as participants navigate coastal landscapes, testing physical fitness, problem-solving, and teamwork while exploring the natural environment.
An adventurous outdoor activity involving traversing canyons through activities like rappelling, climbing, swimming, or hiking. Canyoning requires physical fitness, technical skills, and often specialized equipment for navigation through challenging natural environments.
An ancient Chinese practice with roots in Taoist philosophy, Qigong involves meditation, breathing exercises, and movement. Though not a competitive sport, Qigong has gained international popularity for its health and wellness benefits. As part of the martial arts tradition, the World Health Qigong Tournament and Exchange takes place worldwide, with participants showcasing their skill and proficiency.
An ancient Chinese water sport, dragon boat racing features teams of paddlers propelling long, decorated boats through the water to the beat of a drummer. The International Dragon Boat Federation (IDBF) organizes international competitions, including the IDBF World Dragon Boat Racing Championships.
An ancient Irish field sport, hurling combines the skills of field hockey, lacrosse, and baseball. Governed by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA), the sport boasts leagues, provincial titles, and the prestigious All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship.
An ancient Mesoamerican ball game, Pitz was played in a stone court with a horizontal hoop. Players scored by passing a solid rubber ball through the hoop using only their hips, elbows, and knees. Ritualistic and ceremonial, the game carried significant cultural importance.
An ancient Persian and Indian sport considered a precursor to modern polo, with horse-mounted players wielding sticks to drive a ball into the opposing team’s goal. Now largely symbolic, chaugan was once seen as a display of skill, courage, and physical fitness.
An ancient sport involving the selective breeding and training of racing pigeons, Pigeon Racing has deep roots in Mediterranean cultures. Modern competitions include the South African Million Dollar Pigeon Race, with international entrants vying for the title.
An early Irish ball game and precursor to modern Gaelic football, with origins in ancient warfare. Caid involves two teams attempting to score points by kicking, carrying, or striking a ball, utilizing a blend of basic soccer and rugby principles.
An elegant and disciplined form of equestrian sport, dressage emphasizes harmony, precision, and partnership between horse and rider. Dressage competitions, including the prestigious FEI World Equestrian Games and the Olympic Games, are governed by the International Equestrian Federation (FEI) and showcase the highest levels of equestrian skill.
An endurance running event held along the picturesque Dahanu Bordi beach in Maharashtra, India. This coastal ultramarathon challenges participants to complete 50km, 100km, or 100-mile distances while enjoying stunning views of the Arabian Sea and experiencing the local culture.
An endurance winter sport where skiers use their own locomotion to traverse snow-covered terrain. Popular in Nordic countries, it’s an Olympic event featuring various techniques and distances.
An endurance-based sport, marathon swimming involves athletes competing in open water races covering distances of 10 kilometers or more. Originating alongside traditional marathon races, long-distance swimming gained popularity throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. Official marathon swimming distances were brought to the Olympics in 2008, with the 10-kilometer open water event.
An exciting, competitive sailing sport that consists of two boats sailing in unison while attempting to complete a racecourse faster than their opponents. Duplex sailing tests teamwork, communication, and agility as both boats must synchronize their movements to achieve optimal performance and avoid collisions.
An exhilarating outdoor sport involving the use of specially designed boards to surf, carve, and slide down sand dunes. Drawing similarities to snowboarding and surfing, dune surfing requires balance, agility, and a sense of adventure while taking on vast desert landscapes.
An extreme underwater sport, deep diving pushes the limits of human endurance and skill as divers explore the depths of the ocean beyond the conventional recreational diving limits. It requires specialized equipment, training, and safety precautions to manage the increased risks associated with greater depths. The sport is governed by organizations like the World Underwater Federation (CMAS) and the Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI), which offer various deep diving certifications and courses. Record-breaking deep dives and thrilling underwater expeditions attract the attention of the global diving community.
An extreme water sport using water-propelled devices to allow riders to perform aerial stunts. Not an Olympic sport or governed by an international federation. World championships like the Flyboard World Cup attract global competitors.
An increasingly popular hobby and sport, droning involves flying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones for recreation, photography, or racing. Droning enthusiasts often participate in local flying clubs, drone racing events, or aerial photography competitions.
An indoor game played with a large, lightweight, inflated ball. Teams work together to keep the ball in the air, often using acrobatic moves and teamwork. Mostly played for fun, it’s a unique combination of exercise and entertainment.
An indoor rower, or rowing machine, is a machine used to simulate the action of watercraft rowing for the purpose of exercise or training for rowing. Modern indoor rowers are often known as ergometers because they measure work performed by the rower.
An off-road motorsport that takes place in desert environments, featuring vehicles such as motorcycles, ATVs, and cars. Rally raid events like the famous Dakar Rally are popular examples of competitive desert racing, drawing racers and spectators from across the globe.
An outdoor sport in which players roll biased balls towards a smaller ball or “jack.” Popular among senior citizens and younger generations alike, lawn bowls is played in many English-speaking countries and has even been featured in the Commonwealth Games.
An ultimate test of athletic prowess, the decathlon is a two-day, ten-event track and field competition that challenges an athlete’s speed, strength, and endurance. The events include various running, jumping, and throwing disciplines. The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) governs the sport, and the decathlon features prominently in international competitions, such as the Olympic Games, the World Athletics Championships, and the European Athletics Championships.
An unconventional marathon featuring a more leisurely walking pace rather than running or jogging. Long Stroll Marathons focus on the social and recreational aspects of distance walking, making them a popular choice for casual participants looking for a less strenuous challenge.
An unconventional sport in which participants navigate a course while balancing a lollipop on their foreheads. This creative and entertaining activity is often played as a team-building exercise, party game, or part of quirky relay-race events.
An underwater sport focused on depth and breath-holding, governed by the International Association For The Development Of Apnea (AIDA). Although not an Olympic sport, well-regarded competitions include the AIDA Individual World Championships and Vertical Blue.
Another traditional Chinese game, Qiuping shares similarities with hacky sack. The sport involves keeping a feathered shuttlecock (Jianzi) in the air using only the feet and other body parts, except the hands. While popular in China, there are no official global championships or rankings. However, Qiuping is played casually and can be found in various cultural and sporting events.
Aquabike combines the sports of swimming and cycling in a multi-discipline event. Participants complete a swimming segment before transitioning to a bike ride, with the goal of finishing the course in the shortest time possible.
Aquajogging is a low-impact, water-based exercise that simulates running in a pool while wearing a flotation belt. It provides a cardiovascular workout and helps maintain muscle strength without putting stress on joints, making it an ideal option for rehabilitation, cross-training, and fitness enthusiasts of all ages.
Aquathlon is a multisport race that challenges athletes in both swimming and running disciplines. Competitors aim to complete the course as quickly as possible, with the clock running continuously through the transition between sports. This endurance test is popular among triathletes as a focused training event.
Archery 3D is a dynamic variation of traditional archery, where competitors shoot at life-sized foam animal targets placed at varying distances and angles within a natural outdoor setting. This sport challenges an archer’s ability to judge distances and adjust for various factors such as elevation and wind. Archery 3D originated in the United States in the 1970s as a way for bowhunters to practice their skills in realistic hunting scenarios.
Archery is a precision sport that involves shooting arrows at a target from a specified distance using a bow. The goal is to achieve the highest score by hitting the target as close to the center as possible. Archery has a long history, dating back thousands of years, with roots in hunting, warfare, and recreation. Today, it is a popular competitive and recreational activity, with events at the Olympic Games, Paralympic Games, and World Archery Championships.
Arena Football is an indoor adaptation of American Football, played on a smaller field with fewer players per team. This high-scoring, fast-paced game emphasizes passing and offense, with unique rules like rebound nets and no punting to keep the action moving at a breakneck pace. Fans enjoy the close-quarters excitement and high-energy atmosphere of Arena Football games.
Arena Rugby brings the excitement and physicality of rugby to an indoor setting, with a smaller field and modified rules. This fast-paced, high-scoring game emphasizes speed, agility, and teamwork, providing an exhilarating experience for both players and spectators alike.
Arm wrestling is a strength-based sport that pits two competitors against each other in a test of upper body power. Participants grip each other’s hand, with elbows on a table, and attempt to force their opponent’s arm down to the table surface. Arm wrestling requires a combination of technique, leverage, and muscular strength. The sport has organized competitions at various levels, from amateur to professional, with the World Armwrestling Championships being a prominent international event.
Armored Combat brings historical battles to life, as competitors don full suits of armor and engage in combat using blunt-edged replicas of medieval weapons. This full-contact sport emphasizes authenticity, strategy, and physical prowess, providing a unique experience for both participants and spectators.
Arnis, also known as Eskrima or Kali, is a Filipino martial art that focuses on weapon-based combat, primarily using sticks and bladed weapons. Combining offensive and defensive techniques, practitioners develop speed, coordination, and tactical thinking as they train for self-defense and compete in various forms of competition.
Artistic Billiards is a unique cue sport that combines precision and creativity, as players perform a series of predetermined shots, or “figures,” on a billiards table. Competitors must demonstrate their mastery of various techniques, such as masse shots, jumps, and banks, earning points based on the difficulty and success of each figure.
Artistic Cycling is a unique sport that combines the grace of gymnastics with the skill and control of cycling. Athletes perform choreographed routines on specially-designed bicycles, showcasing their balance, strength, and creativity as they execute impressive stunts and maneuvers.
Artistic Gymnastics showcases the strength, agility, and grace of athletes as they perform on apparatuses like the balance beam, uneven bars, rings, and floor. Both men’s and women’s events are featured in this sport, with competitors executing impressive routines to captivate judges and audiences alike.
Artistic Roller Skating brings the elegance and skill of figure skating to roller rinks. Athletes perform graceful routines on quad roller skates, showcasing their balance, agility, and artistic expression through various jumps, spins, and dance moves.
Artistic swimming is a captivating aquatic sport that combines elements of swimming, dance, and gymnastics. Teams of athletes perform coordinated, synchronized routines set to music, showcasing their strength, flexibility, and creativity while maintaining precise timing and formations. Artistic swimming has been an Olympic event since 1984.
As a multisport event, Quadrathlon combines swimming, kayaking, cycling, and running. Quadrathlon competitions take place throughout Europe, primarily in Germany, the United Kingdom, and the Czech Republic. The sport is yet to become an Olympic event, but it hosts several championships annually, including the World Quadrathlon Championship.
As a popular variation of cue sports, eight-ball is played on a billiard table with one cue ball and fifteen object balls. The object of the game is to pocket all the balls of a chosen group (solids or stripes) before finishing with the black eight-ball.
As an Olympic sport since 2008, open water swimming involves navigating long distances in natural bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers. Originating in the 19th century, the sport has grown to include iconic events like the English Channel crossing and the Manhattan Island Marathon Swim. Open water swimming is popular in various countries globally, with strong competitors hailing from the United States, Germany, and Russia.
As an Olympic sport since the 1908 Summer Games, Figure Skating is governed by the International Skating Union (ISU). Competitions span multiple disciplines, including singles, pairs, and ice dancing. The ISU World Figure Skating Championships is one of the sport’s most renowned events.
As the national sport of Turkey, oil wrestling dates back to the ancient Ottomans. Wrestlers, covered in olive oil, compete to pin or lift their opponents above their shoulders. Events like the Kirkpinar oil wrestling festival are held yearly and have become local and tourist attractions.
Ascend and conquer steep inclines, trails, and off-road terrain in this challenging discipline. With events like the World Mountain Running Championships, this sport tests endurance and agility while tackling elevated courses.
Assisted Cycling is an inclusive sport that enables individuals with disabilities or limited mobility to enjoy the benefits and excitement of cycling. This activity often involves adaptive equipment, such as tandem bicycles, hand cycles, and tricycles, and can be enjoyed recreationally or competitively.
Athletics is a collection of sports events that involve running, jumping, throwing, and walking. It is often referred to as track and field. Some of the most popular athletics events include sprints, middle and long-distance running, hurdles, long jump, high jump, triple jump, pole vault, shot put, discus, hammer throw, and javelin. Athletes compete at various levels, including the Olympic Games, World Athletics Championships, and regional and national competitions.
Australian Football, also known as Aussie Rules, is a fast-paced, full-contact sport that combines elements of rugby and soccer. Players compete to score goals by kicking an oval-shaped ball through tall goalposts, while also using their hands to pass and catch the ball. The sport is particularly popular in Australia, with professional and amateur leagues drawing passionate fans.
Australian Handball is a fast-paced, non-contact sport played in a rectangular court with two teams aiming to score by throwing the ball into the opponent’s goal. Combining elements of European handball and Australian football, this energetic game requires speed, agility, and teamwork to outmaneuver and outscore the opposition.
Autocross is a timed motorsport event where drivers navigate a course marked by traffic cones, aiming to complete the route as quickly as possible without hitting any obstacles. The sport emphasizes precision and car control, rather than outright speed, making it accessible to a wide range of drivers and vehicles.
Autograss is a fast-paced, off-road motorsport where drivers race on oval dirt tracks in various classes of cars. Featuring compact, powerful vehicles, the sport offers thrilling, wheel-to-wheel action as competitors battle for position and navigate unpredictable terrain.
Autospeedway is a high-speed, action-packed form of motorsport that takes place on short oval tracks. Drivers compete in various types of vehicles, from stock cars to modified race cars, in adrenaline-pumping races that often feature daring overtakes and spectacular crashes.
Axe Throwing is a competitive sport where participants throw axes at a target, aiming for the bullseye. Combining skill, focus, and technique, axe throwing has grown in popularity as a recreational activity and competitive sport, with leagues and championships held worldwide.
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BMX is a thrilling, fast-paced cycling sport that originated in the 1970s in California. It encompasses various disciplines, including BMX racing on off-road tracks and BMX freestyle, which focuses on performing aerial stunts and tricks on skatepark ramps and street obstacles. BMX racing became an Olympic sport in 2008, while BMX freestyle debuted in at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games in 2021 (due to the COVID-19 pandemic).Balance Bike Races are races designed to let toddlers and young kids 18 months to 5 years old explore the world of two wheels. Race events allow kids to come together, share their passion for Balance Bikes and participate in some friendly competitive racing.
Bare-knuckle boxing (also known as bare-knuckle or bare-knuckle fighting) is a full-contact combat sport based on punching without any form of padding on the hands.
Barre is a fitness routine inspired by ballet, yoga, and Pilates, emphasizing strength, flexibility, and posture through low-impact, isometric movements.
Based on the fictional sport of Quidditch from J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, Muggle Quidditch adapts the game for real-life athletes. First played in 2005 in the United States, the sport has grown in popularity worldwide, with organized leagues and tournaments like the Quidditch World Cup and the European Quidditch Cup. Muggle Quidditch includes elements from rugby, dodgeball, and tag, and is a fun way to combine athletics with the magical world of Harry Potter.
Baton Twirling involves the manipulation of a metal rod, combining elements of dance, gymnastics, and juggling, performed individually or in groups.
Beach Handball is a fast-paced adaptation of team handball, played on sand with 4 players per side, emphasizing agility, athleticism, and teamwork.
Beach Soccer is a variant of association football, played on sandy surfaces with smaller teams, featuring unique rules like unlimited substitutions.
Beach Tennis combines elements of tennis, badminton, and beach volleyball, played on sand courts using paddles and a depressurized tennis ball.
Beach Volleyball is an exciting variation of indoor volleyball, played on sand courts with teams of two players each. The objective is to send the ball over the net and land it in the opponent’s court without allowing it to touch the ground in their own court. Known for its fun and energetic atmosphere, beach volleyball became an Olympic sport in 1996.
Biathle is a modern multisport event combining running and swimming, where athletes race to complete the course in the fastest time, testing their endurance, speed, and transition skills.
Biathlon is a thrilling winter sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting. Athletes ski through a course, stopping at designated shooting ranges to fire at targets. The sport requires a unique blend of endurance, speed, and precision. Biathlon’s roots trace back to Scandinavian military exercises, but it has been an Olympic sport since 1960.
Big Wave Surfing is an extreme form of surfing that involves riding enormous ocean waves, typically over 20 feet high, and sometimes reaching heights of over 60 feet. This adrenaline-pumping sport requires immense courage, skill, and physical fitness. Big wave surfers often rely on jet ski assistance or tow-in methods to catch these massive waves, as traditional paddling techniques may prove insufficient. Prominent big wave surfing locations include Mavericks in California, Jaws in Hawaii, and Nazaré in Portugal.
Bikejoring is an exhilarating outdoor activity where a cyclist is pulled by one or more dogs on a mountain bike, combining elements of dog sledding and mountain biking.
Biribol is a Brazilian aquatic sport similar to volleyball, played in a swimming pool with teams of four, emphasizing teamwork, agility, and ball control while treading water.
Blind Cricket adapts the popular sport for visually impaired players, using an audible ball with ball bearings inside, enabling players to rely on sound to bat and field.
Blind Football is a Paralympic sport designed for visually impaired athletes, played with a ball containing bells, where players use their hearing and teamwork skills to score goals.
Blind and visually impaired skiers/snowboarders, of varying levels of experience, work with guides so that they can enjoy a fascinating winter sport. Sighted guides ski in front of or behind visually impaired skiers so that they can assist their skier traverse slopes of differing degrees of difficulty.
Boardercross, also known as Snowboard Cross, is a high-octane snowboarding race where multiple riders navigate a course filled with jumps, turns, and other obstacles, competing for the fastest finish.
Body Surfing is a form of wave riding using the human body as the primary vehicle, with the help of swim fins to enhance propulsion and control.
Bodyboarding is a water sport in which the surfer rides a bodyboard on the crest, face, and curl of a wave which is carrying the surfer towards the shore. Bodyboarding is also referred to as Boogieboarding due to the invention of the "Boogie Board" by Tom Morey in 1971
Bodybuilding is a sport and a form of body modification, focusing on the development and appearance of an athlete’s muscles. Participants engage in progressive resistance training, combined with a disciplined diet and lifestyle, to sculpt their bodies into an aesthetically pleasing and muscular form. Bodybuilding competitions judge athletes based on their muscle size, symmetry, and overall presentation. The International Federation of BodyBuilding & Fitness (IFBB) is the sport’s governing body, hosting events such as the Mr. Olympia and Arnold Classic.
Boli Khela is a traditional Bangladeshi wrestling sport, emphasizing strength, technique, and grappling skills, often held during village festivals and accompanied by music and other cultural celebrations.
Boomerang Throwing is a sport and recreational activity involving the skillful throwing and catching of a specially designed, curved object that returns to the thrower when thrown correctly.
Borden Ball is a Canadian team sport similar to handball, where players pass a ball to teammates and attempt to score by throwing it into the opponents’ net.
Bossaball is a dynamic sport combining elements of volleyball, soccer, gymnastics, and capoeira, played on an inflatable court with integrated trampolines.
Boules is a group of outdoor games, such as Pétanque, where players throw or roll heavy balls towards a smaller target ball, aiming for the closest proximity, while displacing opponents’ balls to gain points.
Bowlers have three balls per frame, instead of two as in ten-pin bowling, to knock over a set of 10 pins. If a bowler knocks down all 10 pins with their first roll in a frame, it is scored as a strike. If all the pins are knocked down in two rolls, the bowler has made a spare.
Bowling is a recreational and competitive sport that involves rolling a heavy ball down a lane to knock down a set of pins arranged in a triangular formation. Played worldwide, there are two main forms of the sport: ten-pin and five-pin bowling. The sport requires skill, accuracy, and a degree of physical strength.
Bowls also known as lawn bowls or lawn bowling is a sport. Players try to roll their ball closest to a smaller ball. The bowls are heavier on one side so that they turn when being rolled. The game is played either in teams or one against one. The game was first played in the 13th century.
Box lacrosse, also known as boxla, box, or indoor lacrosse, is an indoor version of lacrosse played mostly in North America. The game originated in the 1930s in Canada, where it is more popular than field lacrosse. Lacrosse is Canada's official national summer sport.
Breakdancing, or B-boying, is a dynamic form of street dance originating from hip-hop culture, featuring acrobatic moves, intricate footwork, and impressive freezes, and will debut at the 2024 Paris Olympics.
Broomball is a team sport similar to ice hockey, played on ice with players wearing rubber-soled shoes and using broom-shaped sticks to maneuver a ball into the opponents’ net.
Brännboll is a Scandinavian bat-and-ball game similar to baseball, where players score by hitting a ball and running around bases, but without the concept of innings or pitcher strikeouts.
Bubble Soccer is an amusing adaptation of soccer, where players are encased in large inflatable bubbles, encouraging collisions and reducing the risk of injury as they attempt to score goals.
Bull Riding is a thrilling rodeo event where riders attempt to stay mounted on a bucking bull for eight seconds, judged on their skill, control, and the bull’s performance.
Bullfighting is a controversial and traditional spectacle in countries like Spain and Mexico, where matadors face off against bulls in a choreographed display of skill, technique, and bravery.
Bunnock is a traditional Russian game, also known as “Game of Bones,” where players throw bones or custom-designed pieces to knock down their opponents’ arranged rows of bones.
Butterfly Stroke is a powerful swimming technique characterized by simultaneous arm movements and a dolphin-like kick, demanding strength, endurance, and coordination, and often utilized in competitive swimming events.
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Camogie is a team sport, played with two teams of 15 players. The objective is to score by sending a small leather ball called a sliotar into the opposing team’s goal or between their upright poles using the hurley. Players must use their skill and agility to outmaneuver opponents and protect their own goal. The game is known for its fast pace, intense physicality, and impressive hand-eye coordination.Camogie is the female counterpart of hurling, played with similar rules and equipment. Governed by the Camogie Association, it features its women’s championship, the All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, which crowns the titleholders each year.
Candlepin bowling is a variation of bowling that is played primarily in the Canadian Maritime provinces and the New England region of the United States. It is played with a handheld-sized ball and tall, narrow pins that resemble candles, hence the name.
Capoeira, a Brazilian martial art blending elements of dance, acrobatics, and music, originated among African slaves in Brazil as a means of resistance and self-expression. Practitioners play within a circular space called a “roda,” accompanied by traditional music and instruments. Capoeira has seen a resurgence in popularity, with organizations such as the International Capoeira Federation (ICF) and the World Capoeira Association (WCA) supporting its growth and promotion, though it has not yet become an Olympic sport.
Categorized as a test of strength and endurance, drop weightlifting consists of a lifter releasing a weight from overhead and catching it at waist level before repeating. This sport develops a lifter’s upper body strength and agility while adhering to precise technique and safety measures.
Closely related to dune bashing, dune racing is a competitive desert motorsport where participants race against the clock or each other while navigating sand dunes and challenging off-road courses. Popular racing events like the annual Baja 1000 and King of the Hammers combine elements of dune racing and other off-road disciplines.
Combining adventure, endurance, and technical skill, mountaineering involves climbing and traversing mountainous terrain. From high-altitude peaks to ice and rock climbing, the UIAA regulates standards and promotes environmental responsibility in the sport.
Combining beach volleyball and football, players use their feet, head, and body to score points. Governed by the International Footvolley Federation, this captivating beach sport is yet to feature in the Olympics. The Footvolley World Championship is a popular event.
Combining elements of soccer and golf, players kick a soccer ball towards a designated hole in a fewest kicks. Governed by the Federation for International FootGolf (FIFG), the sport features the FootGolf World Cup, but it’s not an Olympic discipline.
Combining precision, agility, and technology, model aircraft racing involves piloting remote-controlled aircraft through challenging courses. The FAI World Championship for Space Models and Drone Racing League are notable events in this unique sport.
Combining running and various physical challenges, obstacle course racing began as a military training exercise. The sport gained popularity in the 21st century, with events such as Tough Mudder and Spartan Race attracting many participants. Obstacle course races can be found all over the world, and the Obstacle Course Racing World Championships are held annually.
Combining the design elements of traditional sleds and modern snowboards, this winter sport offers a unique experience sliding downhill. Footsled is mainly a recreational activity rather than an Olympic sport or governed by a major organization.
Cornhole, a casual lawn game, typically involves players taking turns tossing bean bags towards a raised platform with a hole in the far end. Scoring depends on how close the bean bags land to the target, making accuracy and precision integral to the game. The American Cornhole Organization (ACO) hosts events and tournaments, including the ACO World Championships. This sport enjoys widespread popularity at social gatherings and tailgating events.
Croquet is a strategic lawn game where players use mallets to hit balls through a series of hoops in a specific order. Combining skill, tactics, and strategy, the sport challenges competitors to outthink and outmaneuver their opponents while adhering to a strict set of rules and etiquette.
Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass.
Crossminton, previously known as Speed Badminton, is a racket game that combines elements from different sports like badminton, squash and tennis. It is played without any net and has no prescribed playground, so it can be executed on tennis courts, streets, beaches, fields or gyms.
Cycle polo, bicycle polo, or bike polo is a team sport, similar to traditional polo, except that bicycles are used instead of horses. There are two versions of the sport: Hardcourt Bike Polo and grass court bike polo
Cycle polo, bicycle polo, or bike polo is a team sport, similar to traditional polo, except that bicycles are used instead of horses. There are two versions of the sport: Hardcourt Bike Polo and grass court bike polo
Cycling is a popular sport and recreational activity involving the use of bicycles for transportation, exercise, or racing. Cycling has been an Olympic event since the inception of the modern games in 1896, with various disciplines for both men and women.
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Dating back thousands of years, outrigger canoeing originated in the islands of the Pacific, most notably Polynesia, as a means of transportation and cultural expression. The sport is now practiced in various countries, with the International Va’a Federation governing competitions such as the IVF World Distance Championships and the IVF World Elite & Club Sprint Championships.Dating back to Ancient Greece, Quoits is a traditional ring-toss game played worldwide, but especially popular in England and the United States. The World Quoits Championship takes place regularly, featuring the sport’s elite players. In Quoits, participants throw rings at a peg to score points.
Dating back to medieval Japan, naginatajutsu is a martial art that focuses on the use of the naginata, a long-handled weapon with a curved blade. Predominantly taught to female warriors, the sport is now practiced in Japan and some other parts of the world, with the All Japan Naginata Federation hosting annual championships.
Dating back to the 14th century, Oina is considered the national sport of Romania. The game, similar to baseball and rounders, is played with a leather ball and a wooden bat. Oina has experienced a resurgence in popularity in recent years, with the Romanian Oina Federation organizing national championships and promoting the sport internationally.
Developed by Japanese master Morihei Ueshiba’s student Masamichi Noro, Kinomichi is a non-competitive martial art emphasizing harmony and spiritual development as practitioners learn to blend with the energy, or ki, of their partners.
Developed in the United States in the late 19th century, Pushball is a sport involving two teams pushing a large, 6-foot diameter ball towards goal posts. While the sport’s popularity waned over time, it still enjoys a small following in local festivals and novelty events.
Developed on the Australian coasts during the 1960s, Nippers is a junior surf life-saving program for children aged 5 to 14. Its primary goal is to promote beach safety and skills, such as swimming, paddle boarding, and rescues. Nippers competitions are held across Australia and other countries with major surfing communities.
Disc golf, also known as frisbee golf, is a flying disc sport in which players throw a disc at a target; it is played using rules similar to golf. The sport is usually played on a course with 9 or 18 holes.
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Ecua-volley is a variant of volleyball invented and played in Ecuador. Its official name is Ecuavoley, however it can be informally be called ecuavolley, ecuavoly, ecuabol, or simply boly. Its popularity has also spread to Colombia, the United States, and Europe. The flyer plays behind the setter and server, and runs quickly from one side to another recovering balls. Usually the flyer recovers the ball for the server. The server sets the ball in the air so the setter can pass the ball over the net. The setter places the ball on the opposite court in a strategic manner, in an attempt to deceive the other team of where it will land. The referee is called the judge.Eight-man football is a form of gridiron football, generally played by high schools with smaller enrollments.
Ekiden is a type of ultra-long-distance running race, where a team of runners work together as a relay. The name ekiden comes from the words “station” and “transmit”, taken from an old system of transport that was used to transport government documents.
Emphasizing stamina and perseverance, endurance running commonly refers to long-distance races, ultra-marathons, and multidisciplinary events like the Ironman Triathlon.
Encompassing a variety of competitive logging events such as logrolling, axe-throwing, and chainsaw racing, lumberjack sports celebrate the skills and strength of lumberjacks. These sports gained popularity in North America, organizing events like the TIMBERSPORTS Series and the Lumberjack World Championships.
Encompassing both inline and quad skating, roller skating boasts a wide range of sub-disciplines such as roller hockey, roller soccer, roll ball, and roller derby. Inline skating, also known as rollerblading, uses a single line of wheels, while quad skating features a pair of parallel wheels on each skate. The sport has deep roots in the 18th century, with its modern variants gaining popularity in the 20th century. Roller skating competitions take place at national and international levels, including the World Roller Games and the Roller Sports World Championships. In addition, roller sports such as roller hockey have been part of the World Games since 1981, and roller speed skating is being considered for future Olympic inclusion.
Enduro is a type of mountain bike racing where the downhills are timed, and the uphills are mandatory but not timed. Riders are timed in stages that are primarily downhill, with neutral "transfer" stages in between.
English billiards,[1] called simply billiards in the United Kingdom and in many former British colonies, is a cue sport that combines the aspects of carom billiards and pool. Two cue balls (one white and one yellow) and a red object ball are used. Each player or team uses a different cue ball. It is played on a billiards table with the same dimensions as one used for snooker and points are scored for cannons and pocketing the balls.
Equestrian in nature, roping primarily refers to team roping, a rodeo event where two riders work together to catch a steer in the quickest time possible. It combines horsemanship, skill, timing, and the art of throwing a lasso.
Equestrian sports are certain riding events held at horse shows and most specifically competitive horse and rider events held at the summer Olympic Games. The three events that comprise equestrian sports are dressage, show jumping, and hunter trails. The term excludes horse racing, rodeos, and polo.
Equestrian vaulting, or simply vaulting, is most often described as gymnastics and dance on horseback, which can be practiced both competitively or non-competitively. Vaulting has a history as an equestrian act at circuses, but its origins stretch back at least two-thousand years.
Equestrian vaulting, or simply vaulting, is most often described as gymnastics and dance on horseback, which can be practiced both competitively or non-competitively. Vaulting has a history as an equestrian act at circuses, but its origins stretch back at least two-thousand years.
Essentially the recreational counterpart to Olympic luge, luge sledding takes the excitement of high-speed sliding to casual snow-covered landscapes. Luge sledding is popular among winter sports enthusiasts who seek the thrill of a downhill journey without the intense competition of professional events.
Eton fives, a derivative of the British game of fives, is a handball game, similar to Rugby fives, played as doubles in a three-sided court. The object is to force the other team to fail to hit the ball 'up' off the front wall, using any variety of wall or ledge combinations as long as the ball is played 'up' before it bounces twice. Eton fives is an uncommon sport, with only a few courts, most of them as part of the facilities of the independent schools in the United Kingdom.
Every Inning Counts: Just like picking the ripest banana, each inning is a chance to score. Win the inning, get a point, and keep your team a-peeling. Two-Hour Time Limit: Time is of the essence!
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Featuring off-trail skiing on ungroomed terrain, this extreme winter sport is gaining popularity. While not an Olympic sport, the Freeride World Tour championship series witnesses the world’s best skiers demonstrate their skills and creativity.Fitness and figure competition is a class of physique-exhibition events mainly for women but also men. While bearing a close resemblance to bodybuilding, its emphasis is on muscle definition, not size. The class was introduced when bodybuilding's popularity began to decline.
Founded in the early 1980s by Debbie and Carlos Rosas, Nia is a body-mind exercise routine that combines dance, martial arts, and yoga. Emphasizing joy of movement over athleticism, Nia has become a popular alternative to traditional fitness regimens and is practiced in over 40 countries worldwide.
Frame running, previously known as RaceRunning, is an adaptive athletic discipline, primarily for people with severe coordination and balance impairments such as cerebral palsy. Athletes use a three-wheeled running frame, with a saddle, body support and most notably, no pedals.
Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA) is responsible for this high-speed motorsport featuring international venues, teams, and drivers. While not an Olympic sport, the Formula One World Championship is vastly popular and one of the most prestigious events in the motorsports calendar.
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Gaelic football is a traditional Irish sport played by teams of 15 players. Governed by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in Ireland, popular provincial and All-Ireland Senior Football Championship games attract passionate fans. The sport has not yet been included in the Olympic Games, but its cultural significance in Ireland and among the Irish diaspora make it a beloved and well-attended sport.Gaelic handball is an Irish sport in which players use their hands to hit a small, hard ball against a wall, aiming to make it difficult for the opponent to return. Governed by the GAA Handball association, Gaelic handball features various championships, such as the All-Ireland Handball Championships.
Game or quarry is any wild animal hunted for animal products, for recreation, or for trophies. The species of animals hunted as game varies in different parts of the world and by different local jurisdictions, though most are terrestrial mammals and birds.
Gateball is a fast-paced, team-based Japanese sport resembling croquet. While the sport is not featured in the Olympics, the World Gateball Championship, held every four years, attracts competitors from countries like Japan, South Korea, China, and Brazil.
Geocaching is a real-world treasure-hunting game using GPS coordinates to find hidden containers, called geocaches. The sport is governed by the international Geocaching community and various national organizations, such as the British Geocaching Association. While geocaching is not an Olympic sport or a formally competitive activity, millions of caches are hidden across the globe, making it an exciting pastime for outdoor enthusiasts.
Get ready to glide across the water with Stand-up Paddleboarding (SUP), a delightful water sport that combines balance, strength, and tranquility. SUP involves standing on a large, buoyant board and using a long paddle to propel yourself across the water. This versatile sport offers various options, from serene lake explorations to challenging ocean waves and even SUP yoga sessions. Suitable for all ages and fitness levels, Stand-up Paddling is a fantastic way to soak up the sunshine and enjoy nature’s beauty.
Gliding cross-country is an air sport involving non-powered aircraft, such as sailplanes, competing in long-distance flights. Governed by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), the sport includes prestigious events like the FAI World Gliding Championships.
Glima is a traditional Icelandic form of wrestling characterized by its unique standing grappling techniques. The sport is governed by organizations like the Icelandic Glima Association and holds national championships, albeit not being an Olympic sport.
Glima is the name that covers several types of Nordic folk wrestling practiced as sport and combat. In one common form of glima, players grip their opponent by the waist and attempt to throw them to the ground using technique rather than force. Other variants allow for more aggression.
Goalball is a Paralympic sport designed for visually impaired athletes, who rely on their sense of hearing to play. The International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) oversees goalball, which is featured in the Paralympic Games and IBSA World Goalball Championships.
Gouren is a traditional form of wrestling originating in Brittany, France. While similar to other Celtic wrestling styles, Gouren has its specific techniques and rules. Although not an Olympic sport, Gouren is governed by the International Gouren Association, which organizes the Breton Wrestling Championship.
Governed by the International Floorball Federation (IFF), this fast-paced sport is similar to indoor hockey. Although not an Olympic sport, major championships include the Men’s and Women’s World Floorball Championships and the Champions Cup.
Grass skiing, also known as rollback skiing, is a unique sport where athletes ski on grass surfaces using specialized equipment instead of snow. Competitions take place worldwide, and the International Ski Federation (FIS) and regional organizations govern the sport. Grass skiing can be practiced on slopes with different degrees of difficulty, from beginner to expert levels. Athletes must possess excellent balance and control to navigate through the grass terrain smoothly. Although not widely known or included in the Olympic games, grass skiing enthusiasts worldwide appreciate the sport’s technical and physical challenges.
Grass track is a form of motorcycle racing conducted on natural grass or dirt circuits. The sport is governed by various national and international organizations, such as the Auto-Cycle Union (ACU) in the UK. While not an Olympic sport, grass track is popular within the motorcycle racing community.
Greco-Roman wrestling is a style of wrestling where competitors are restricted from using techniques below the waist. Recognized as an Olympic sport since the first modern Games in 1896, the sport is overseen internationally by the United World Wrestling organization (formerly known as FILA). Major Greco-Roman wrestling competitions, such as the World Wrestling Championships and European Wrestling Championships, showcase the prowess and skill of top wrestlers across the globe.
Greyhound racing is a competitive sport wherein greyhound dogs race around a track, chasing a mechanical lure. Governing bodies such as the Greyhound Board of Great Britain (GBGB) and the National Greyhound Racing Club (NGRC) regulate the sport, ensuring animal welfare and fair competition.
Guts is a dynamic frisbee sport where teams attempt to catch the opposing team’s high-speed throws. Governed by the World Flying Disc Federation (WFDF), Guts is played at the World Ultimate and Guts Championship, though not yet an Olympic sport.
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Hailing from Oaxaca, Mexico, Pelota Mixteca is an ancient ball game played with a heavy, elaborately decorated glove. Similar to handball, the sport’s object is to keep the ball in play within the court’s boundaries. Local championships are still held today.Hailing from the Swedish island of Gotland, Kubb is a popular outdoor lawn game involving wooden blocks, also called kubbs, which players try to knock over by throwing batons in a strategic manner.
Handball is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the goal of the opposing team. A standard match consists of two periods of 30 minutes, and the team that scores more goals wins.
Highland games (Scottish Gaelic: geamannan Gàidhealach) are events held in spring and summer in Scotland and other countries with a large Scottish diaspora, as a way of celebrating Scottish and Celtic culture, especially that of the Scottish Highlands. Certain aspects of the games are so well known as to have become emblematic of Scotland, such as the bagpipes, the kilt, and the heavy events, especially the caber toss and weight over bar. While centred on competitions in piping and drumming, dancing, and Scottish heavy athletics, the games also include entertainment and exhibits related to other aspects of Scottish and Gaelic cultures.
Hip hop dance is a range of street dance styles primarily performed to hip hop music or that have evolved as part of hip hop culture. It is influenced by a wide range of styles that were created in the 1970s and made popular by dance crews in the United States.
Historic motorsport or vintage motorsport, is motorsport with vehicles limited to a particular era. Only safety precautions are modernized in these hobbyist races. A historical event can be of various types of motorsport disciplines, from road racing to rallying.
Hnefatafl (sometimes now referred to as Viking Chess) was a popular game in medieval Scandinavia and was mentioned in several of the Norse sagas. Some of these saga references have contributed to controversy over the possible use of dice in playing hnefatafl.
Hoop rolling, also called hoop trundling, is both a sport and a child's game in which a large hoop is rolled along the ground, generally by means of an object wielded by the player. The aim of the game is to keep the hoop upright for long periods of time, or to do various tricks.
Hopscotch is a popular playground game in which players toss a small object, called a lagger, into numbered triangles or a pattern of rectangles outlined on the ground and then hop or jump through the spaces and retrieve the object. It is a children's game that can be played with several players or alone.
Horseball is a sport played on horseback where a ball is handled and goals are scored by shooting it through a hoop with a diameter of 1m. The sport is a combination of polo, rugby, netball, and basketball. It is one of the ten disciplines officially recognized by the International Federation for Equestrian Sports.
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Iaidō, abbreviated iai, is a Japanese martial art that emphasizes being aware and capable of quickly drawing the sword and responding to sudden attacksIce climbing is a climbing discipline that involves ascending routes consisting of frozen water. To ascend the route, the ice climber uses specialist equipment, particularly double ice axes and rigid crampons.
Ice fishing is the practice of catching fish with lines and fish hooks or spears through an opening in the ice on a frozen body of water. Ice fishers may fish in the open or in heated enclosures, some with bunks and amenities.
In land paddling, a rider uses a land paddle in combination with a longboard. The longboard stick (or “Longboard Land Paddle“) is used to propel the longboarder farther without pumping (pushing a longboard with legs).
Indiaca is a dynamic team sport and belongs to the net sports. Unlike most ball sports, In- diaca does not use a classic ball, but a large shuttlecock (called „the Indiaca“ or „the Indiaca ball“) that can be played with the flat of the hand. The game shares many similarities with volleyball.
Indian clubs, or meels, are a type of exercise equipment used to present resistance in movement to develop strength and mobility. They consist of juggling-club shaped wooden clubs of varying sizes and weights, which are swung in certain patterns as part of a strength exercise program.
Indoor cricket is a variant of and shares many basic concepts with cricket. The game is most often played between two teams each consisting of six or eight players.
Indoor cycling, is a form of exercise with classes focusing on endurance, strength, intervals, high intensity and recovery, and involves using a special stationary exercise bicycle with a weighted flywheel in a classroom setting.
Indoor hockey is an indoor variant of field hockey. It is similar to the outdoor game in that two teams compete to move a hard ball into the goal of the opposing side using hockey sticks
Indoor soccer or arena soccer is a five-a-side or six-a-side version of minifootball, derived from association football and adapted to be played in walled hardcourt indoor arena.
Initially introduced in Finland during the 1930s as a summer training exercise for cross-country skiers, Nordic Walking is now a popular recreational sport worldwide. Participants use specially designed walking poles and a technique similar to cross-country skiing to maximize full body engagement.
Inline skating is a multi-disciplinary sport and can refer to a number of activities practiced using inline skates. Inline skates typically have two to five polyurethane wheels depending on the style of practice, arranged in a single line by a metal or plastic frame on the underside of a boot.
Inspired by the mythological Loch Ness Monster, this water-based sport has teams racing in large, ornamental canoes resembling the legendary creature. This entertaining and visually striking activity is often part of charity events, festivals, and team-building exercises.
Intercrosse is a non-contact form of lacrosse using modified lacrosse equipment. An intercrosse stick is different from a normal lacrosse stick: the head is completely plastic while the head of a traditional stick has a pocket of synthetic mesh or leather and nylon string.
Invented in Mission Beach, San Diego, California, in the 1950s, over-the-line is a variation of softball played on sand. The sport is popular on the West Coast of the United States and has an annual World Championship Over-the-Line Tournament in San Diego. However, because of its regional appeal, over-the-line has not reached Olympic status.
Invented in the United Kingdom in 1954, Octopush, also known as underwater hockey, involves two teams pushing a puck across the bottom of a swimming pool towards the opponent’s goal. The sport has since spread to over 20 countries, with the World Underwater Hockey Championship held every two years.
Inversions are yoga poses where the heart is higher from the ground than the head. So this includes poses like Supported Shoulder Stand with a folded blanket under the shoulders, Legs up the Wall pose and even Downward Facing Dog and standing forward bends.
Irish dance refers to a group of traditional dance forms that originate in Ireland, encompassing dancing both solo and in groups, and dancing for social, competitive, and performance purposes.
It involves climbing artificial walls that simulate natural rock, using climbing techniques and safety equipment.
It takes the race format of motocross and combines it with the challenging obstacles of an enduro, all packed into the tight confines of a fan-friendly stadium setting. Riders have to race over rock beds, through water crossings, over tractor tires and across telephone poles.
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Jai alai, a fast-paced ball game originating from the Basque region of Spain, gained popularity in the Latin American countries, especially in Mexico, Argentina, and the Philippines. It was first introduced in the United States in the early 20th century. The sport involves bouncing a ball off a wall at high speeds, using a curved tool called “cesta.” The World Jai Alai Championship is the premier event in this sport.Javelin throw, an ancient sport popular in Greece and Rome, became an Olympic event in 1908. Competitors throw a spear-like object for distance, emphasizing technique, speed, and strength. Today, the javelin throw is part of the World Athletics Championships, Summer Olympics, and other international track and field competitions.
Jet skiing, a water sport involving personal watercraft invented by Clayton Jacobson II in 1972, gained popularity in the United States and later expanded internationally. Competitors race against time or each other, maneuvering through prescribed courses. The International Jet Sports Boating Association organizes the annual World Finals, drawing competitors from across the globe.
Jogging, a gentle form of aerobic exercise, gained popularity in the 1960s through the influence of fitness pioneer Dr. Kenneth Cooper. Originating in the United States, jogging has become a popular worldwide exercise that can be done independently or in groups. Many running events, such as marathons, half-marathons, and fun runs, have emerged due to the widespread practice of jogging.
Joggling, a unique sport combining jogging and juggling, is said to have originated in the United States in the 1970s. Participants race while juggling three objects, placing emphasis on endurance, coordination, and concentration. The International Jugglers’ Association hosts the annual World Joggling Championships.
Jousting is a medieval and renaissance martial game or hastilude between two combatants either on horse or on foot. The joust became an iconic characteristic of the knight in Romantic medievalism. The term is derived from Old French joster, ultimately from Latin iuxtare "to approach, to meet".
Jukari, a fusion of aerobics and boxing, was created in 2009 by Reebok and the Cirque du Soleil. The workout involves a specialized horizontal bar and resistance bands, called the Jukari Band, to strengthen and tone muscles.
Jukskei, a South African traditional game, dates back to the 18th century, played by trekboers. The sport involves players throwing wooden pins called “skeis” at a peg, attempting to knock it over. Jukskei has evolved into a competitive sport in South Africa, with local leagues and national championships held annually.
Jump rope, an age-old recreational activity and fitness practice, dates back to the ancient Egyptians. The sport became prevalent amongst children in the early 20th century, transforming into a fitness trend in the 1970s. The World Jump Rope Federation organizes worldwide championships that include single rope, Double Dutch, and team events, emphasizing the sport’s inclusive nature.
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Kabaddi, a contact sport originating more than 4,000 years ago in ancient India, requires players to raid the opposition’s territory while holding their breath. Mostly popular in South Asia, championships such as the Pro Kabaddi League in India and Kabaddi World Cup contribute to its international appeal.Kart racing or karting is a motorsport discipline using open-wheel, four-wheeled vehicles known as go-karts or shifter karts. They are usually raced on scaled-down circuits, although some professional kart races are also held on full-size motorsport circuits.
Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving over water. It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle. A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation. Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.
Kho Kho, originating around 3,000 years ago in Maharashtra, India, is an outdoor chasing game that gained widespread popularity in South Asia. While not yet an Olympic sport, the game enjoys rigorous state and national-level tournaments, such as the Asian Kho Kho Championship.
Kickball is a team sport and league game, similar to baseball. Like baseball, it is a safe haven game in which one team tries to score by having its players return a ball from home base to the field and then circle the bases. Meanwhile, the other team tries to stop them by tagging them "out" with the ball before they can return to the home base. However, instead of hitting a small, hard ball with a bat, players kick an inflated rubber ball; this makes it more accessible to young children. As in baseball, teams alternate half-innings. The team with the most runs after a predefined number of innings wins.
Kiteboarding, or kitesurfing, is a water sport that combines elements of windsurfing, surfing, and paragliding. First appearing in France in the 1980s, it is now popular in various coastal regions. The Global Kitesports Association World Tour is one of the top circuits for competitive kiteboarders.
Known as the mother of martial arts, Kalaripayattu originated in southern India’s Kerala state and combines physical combat, weapons training, and mental discipline for a holistic approach to self-defense.
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Land sailing, also known as sand yachting, land yachting or dirtboating, entails overland travel with a sail-powered vehicle, similar to sailing on water. Originally, a form of transportation or recreation, it has evolved primarily into a racing sport since the 1950s.Land windsurfing, also known as “Terrasailing”, “street sailing”, “land sailing” and “dirt windsurfing”, is a sport similar to traditional windsurfing that is performed on land rather than water.
Laser tag is a recreational shooting sport where participants use infrared-emitting light guns to tag designated targets. Infrared-sensitive signaling devices are commonly worn by each player to register hits and are sometimes integrated within the arena in which the game is played.
Lifesaving is an official discipline of the World Games, the Games with all the sports, recognized by the IOC but not yet in the Olympic program. It includes several events, such as Beach Flags, Ironman/Oceanman and 200 meter Super Lifesaver.
Log rolling, sometimes called birling, is a Sparring Sport involving two competitors, each on one end of a free-floating log in a body of water. The athletes battle to stay on the log by sprinting, kicking the log, and using a variety of techniques as they attempt to cause the opponent to fall off.
Lucha libre (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlutʃa ˈliβɾe], meaning "freestyle wrestling"[1] or literally translated as "free fight") is the term for the style of professional wrestling originating in Mexico. Since its introduction to Mexico in the early 20th century, it has developed into a unique form of the genre, characterized by colorful masks, rapid sequences of holds and maneuvers, and "high-flying" maneuvers, some of which have been adopted in the United States, Japan, and elsewhere. The wearing of masks has developed special significance, and matches are sometimes contested in which the loser must permanently remove his mask, which is a wager with a high degree of weight attached. Tag team wrestling is especially prevalent in lucha libre, particularly matches with three-member teams, called trios.
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Marble tournaments had been around since the 1580s, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I - a marbles game was used as a deciding game where two suitors, named Giles and Hodge, of a maiden of Tinsley Green battle to decide who will take her hand. There are several variation of the rules, so it depends on where you are playing. In one version, the goal of the game is to get all of your own marbles into a hole first. In another popular version, there is no hole, and the aim is to knock all the marbles out of a ring by aiming a larger "shooter" marble called the "tolley".Massachusetts Game is an early version of baseball, originating in the 19th century. It features a square field, differing from modern baseball’s diamond shape. Teams score by hitting a ball and running around bases, but rules and gameplay vary significantly from today’s standard baseball.
Merging incredible football techniques with creativity and self-expression, this artistic sport is governed by the World Freestyle Football Association (WFFA). Although not an Olympic sport, tournaments such as Red Bull Street Style and Super Ball World Open Championships take center stage.
Monster trucks face off in three forms of competition: racing, two-wheel skills, and freestyle. Racing is traditional heads-up tournament racing, where the first truck to cross the finish line moves onto the next round; the final race of the night is for that particular event’s championship.
Mountain biking is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes.
Muscle cars are known for their powerful engines and a broad, boxy shape. Think classics like the 1970 Dodge Challenger, 1969 Chevrolet Camaro, and 1976 Pontiac Firebird Trans Am. They stood out with long, boxy hoods to contain larger-than-usual engines.
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Often referred to as the “Equestrian Triathlon,” eventing combines dressage, cross-country, and show jumping into a single competition.One of the original versions of handball played outdoors, dating back to the early 20th century. Field handball was an Olympic sport from 1936 to 1960 but has since been replaced by indoor handball in the Olympic program.
One of the three fencing disciplines, using a more flexible weapon called the foil. Governed by the International Fencing Federation (FIE), foil fencing has been an Olympic sport since the 1896 Athens Games, being part of both individual and team events.
One-wall handball, also known as 1-wall, wallball or international fronton, is an indirect style of a ball game where the player hits a small rubber ball with their hand against a wall. The goal of the game is to score more points than the opponent. The player then hits the ball, and the ball bounces off the wall and the floor within court lines, if the opponent fails to return the ball, the player scores a point. The sport was created to bring together varieties, such as American handball, Basque pelota, Patball, Gaelic handball, Pêl-Law (Welsh handball) and Valencian frontó.
Originating from ancient Greece, pole vaulting has evolved into a modern track and field sport featured in the Olympic Games since 1896 for men and 2000 for women. The event is immensely popular in Europe and North America, with notable athletes hailed from Russia, the United States, and Germany. Athletes aim to jump over a horizontal bar using a long and flexible pole. World Athletics Championships and continental championships are among the prominent competitions.
Originating from the Middle East, the Daf is a large frame drum used in traditional Persian music and Sufi ceremonies. Mastering the Daf’s different rhythms and techniques requires skill, practice, and a deep appreciation for the instrument’s cultural significance.
Originating in Ancient Greece, Olympic weightlifting involves lifting a barbell with maximum weight in two specific lifts: the snatch, and the clean and jerk. It has been a modern Olympic sport since 1896, with competitions held at international, regional, and national levels.
Originating in Australia in 1991, Oztag is a non-tackling version of rugby league football, incorporating elements from touch rugby and rugby sevens.The sport’s popularity has grown substantially in Australia, with the Oztag World Cup held every three years featuring teams from various countries. Although not an Olympic sport, its fun, accessible nature continues to attract players globally.
Originating in Denmark in the 1991, racerunning is an innovative sport for athletes with mobility impairments. Participants use a custom-built frame for support while propelling themselves forward on a track. Racerunning is featured in the World Para Athletics Championships, but has yet to be included in the Paralympic Games.
Originating in France in the 1980s, Parkour is a discipline that involves moving quickly through urban environments by jumping, running, and climbing. The sport has grown rapidly in popularity worldwide and is practiced by millions in Europe, North America, and Asia. There are several Parkour championships, such as the World Parkour Championship and the North American Parkour Championships.
Originating in Sweden in the late 19th century, orienteering involves navigating through a series of checkpoints using only a map and a compass. The sport has since spread globally and is particularly popular in Nordic countries, Central Europe, and North America. Orienteering became a competitive sport in 1961, when the first World Orienteering Championships were held. Today, the International Orienteering Federation organizes world championship events and encourages the growth of the sport worldwide.
Originating in medieval Europe, nine-pin bowling is a predecessor to modern ten-pin bowling, predominantly played in Central Europe. The game was introduced to the United States by European settlers but eventually outlawed in many states, leading to the adoption of the ten-pin variation.
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Paintball, a sport combining elements of tag and hide-and-seek, was created in the United States in 1981. Although initially designed for recreation, paintball has since expanded into a competitive sport with various leagues and tournaments worldwide. Notable events include the National Xball League (NXL), the Millennium Series in Europe, and the Asia-Pacific Paintball Championship.Paragliding, an airborne recreational sport, was developed in the late 20th century in France. It involves soaring through the sky on a non-motorized wing-propelled device. The sport has gained popularity in various mountainous regions worldwide, such as the Alps, the Andes, and the Himalayas. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) organizes the Paragliding World Cup and the Paragliding World Championship.
Part of the Olympic snowboarding program, freestyle snowboarding celebrates creativity with disciplines like slopestyle and halfpipe. The International Ski Federation (FIS) governs the sport, organizing the FIS Snowboard World Cup and the FIS Snowboarding World Championships.
Pedal power takes center stage in Track Cycling! Track Cycling takes place in velodromes, with cyclists competing in various events including sprints, time trials, and endurance races. The banked oval tracks provide an exciting and fast-paced environment for both racers and spectators.
Pilates, a fitness discipline incorporating strength, flexibility, and balance, was created by Joseph Pilates in the early 20th century in Germany. The method gained popularity in the United States during the 1920s, and today, Pilates enthusiasts can be found all over the world. While not a competitive sport, annual conferences and expos such as the PMA Pilates Conference and The Pilates Gathering showcase industry developments and host workshops.
Platform diving, a discipline that entails launching from a fixed platform into the water, has its origins in Sweden and Germany in the 19th century. The sport gained global recognition in 1904 when introduced as an Olympic sport for men, with the women’s events added in 1912. Today, platform diving is popular worldwide, with prominent competitions including the FINA World Aquatics Championships, the Olympic Games, and the NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships in the United States.
Pochspiel, an old Austrian game played with pins and balls, is a precursor to modern ten-pin bowling. Participants roll a ball down an alley towards pins, trying to knock down as many pins as possible to score points.
Pocketbike racing, known as MiniMoto, is a professional, internationally sectioned sport. It is raced by both youth and adults, on specialized, high performance machines.
Preserving the techniques and traditions of centuries-old combat, HEMA practitioners study historical sources to reconstruct and practice various fighting styles, including fencing, wrestling, archery, and mounted combat.
Push your limits with mud runs, obstacle courses that combine endurance, strength, and downright dirty fun. Popular events like Tough Mudder and Spartan Race create challenging courses, from mud pits to ice-cold water obstacles, to test participants’ grit.
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Rafting and whitewater rafting are recreational outdoor activities which use an inflatable raft to navigate a river or other body of water. This is often done on whitewater or different degrees of rough water. Dealing with risk is often a part of the experience.Rally raid is a type of off-road motorsport event for automobiles and motorcycles. Along with shorter baja rallies, rally raid constitutes cross-country rallying.
Refers to various forms of volleyball played with altered rules, equipment or team sizes, such as beach volleyball, footvolley, or reverse co-ed volleyball, emphasizing creativity and versatility.
Rhythmic gymnastics is a sport in which gymnasts perform on a floor with an apparatus: hoop, ball, clubs, ribbon and rope. The sport combines elements of gymnastics, dance and calisthenics; gymnasts must be strong, flexible, agile, dexterous and coordinated.
Rink bandy is a variant of the larger sport of bandy. Unlike bandy which is played on a large bandy field, rink bandy is played on significantly smaller ice hockey-sized ice rinks. While a bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch, rink bandy is played on ice hockey rinks.
Road bowling is an Irish sport in which competitors attempt to take the fewest throws to propel a metal ball along a predetermined course of country roads. The sport originated in Ireland and is mainly played in counties Armagh and Cork.
Rock climbing is a sport in which participants climb up, across, or down natural rock formations or indoor climbing walls. The goal is to reach the summit of a formation or the endpoint of a usually pre-defined route without falling.
Rogaining is an orienteering sport of long distance cross-country navigation, involving both route planning and navigation between checkpoints using a variety of map types. In a rogaine, teams of two to five people choose which checkpoints to visit within a time limit with the intent of maximising their score.
Roller in-line hockey, American roller hockey or inline hockey, is a variant of hockey played on a hard, smooth surface, with players using inline skates to move and ice hockey sticks to shoot a hard, plastic puck into their opponent's goal to score points.
Roundnet is a ball game created in 1989 by Jeff Knurek, inspired primarily by concepts from volleyball. The game is played between two teams, usually with two players each. Players initially line up around a small trampoline-like net at the start of a point and starts with a serve from one team to another.
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SUP Yoga, or Stand-Up Paddleboard Yoga, is a combination of stand-up paddleboarding and yoga. Practitioners perform yoga poses while balancing on a paddleboard in the water, emphasizing core strength, balance, and mindfulness.Sambo is a Russian martial art and combat sport that combines elements of judo and wrestling. Practitioners focus on throws, submissions, and ground fighting techniques, making Sambo an effective form of self-defense and an exciting competitive sport.
Sandboarding is an exciting adventure sport where riders glide down sand dunes on a specially designed board. Similar to snowboarding, sandboarding offers thrilling descents, spectacular jumps, and a unique way to explore the natural beauty of desert landscapes.
Savate is a French martial art and combat sport that emphasizes elegant, high kicks and agile footwork. Also known as French kickboxing, Savate combines elements of Western boxing with traditional French techniques, creating a dynamic and visually impressive sport.
Scooter Racing is a motorsport that involves racing high-performance scooters on closed tracks. Riders compete in high-speed races, maneuvering through turns and straightaways to cross the finish line in the shortest time possible.
Scuba Diving is an underwater sport that involves exploring the ocean using specialized equipment, including a self-contained breathing apparatus. Divers can explore coral reefs, shipwrecks, and other underwater environments, experiencing the beauty and mystery of the underwater world.
Senegalese wrestling is a type of folk wrestling traditionally performed by the Serer people and now a national sport in Senegal and parts of The Gambia, and is part of a larger West African form of traditional wrestling.
Sepak Takraw is a Southeast Asian sport that blends elements of soccer and volleyball. Players use their feet, head, and chest to pass a rattan ball over a high net, aiming to score points by making it difficult for the opposing team to return the ball.
Shinty is a fast-paced, outdoor team sport originating from Scotland. Played with curved wooden sticks called camans, players aim to score goals by hitting a small ball into the opposing team’s net. Shinty combines speed, strength, and skill, making it an exciting and challenging sport.
Shooting targets are objects in various forms and shapes that are used for pistol, rifle, shotgun and other shooting sports, as well as in darts, target archery, crossbow shooting and other non-firearm related sports. The center is often called the bullseye.
Short for recreational football, rec footy is a non-contact, modified version of Australian Rules Football (AFL). Emphasizing fun, fitness and socializing, it is played with mixed teams and a focus on inclusion and accessibility.
Shot Put is a track and field event where athletes throw a heavy metal ball, known as the shot, as far as possible. Combining explosive strength, technique, and focus, Shot Put is a classic test of power and athleticism.
Show Jumping is an equestrian sport where horse and rider navigate a course of obstacles, aiming to complete the circuit in the fastest time with the fewest faults. This captivating sport showcases the remarkable teamwork, skill, and athleticism of both horse and rider.
Showcasing an array of techniques such as the S-wrap, L-sit, and legless climb, rope climbing originated in ancient civilizations as a practical skill for ascending difficult terrain. Rope climbing has evolved as a popular training exercise in military, police, and fire department programs, as well as in functional fitness and gymnastics. The World Rope Climbing Championships, established in 2000, serve as the sport’s primary global event, with athletes competing for the fastest ascent in various categories, including youth, adaptive, and elite. Rope climbing also features in the CrossFit Games, pushing athletes to their limits in this challenging discipline.
Shuffleboard is a game in which players use cues to push weighted discs, sending them gliding down a narrow court, with the purpose of having them come to rest within a marked scoring area. As a more generic term, it refers to the family of shuffleboard-variant games as a whole.
Shuffleboard is a game in which players use cues to push weighted discs, sending them gliding down a narrow court, with the purpose of having them come to rest within a marked scoring area. As a more generic term, it refers to the family of shuffleboard-variant games as a whole.
Similar to volleyball, catchball is a non-contact team sport where participants catch and throw a ball over a net, with the objective of making it land in the opposing team’s court. Primarily played recreationally, it focuses on teamwork and skill.
Similar to volleyball, with teams hitting a ball over a net, fistball is an outdoor sport governed by the International Fistball Association (IFA). It is not an Olympic sport, but the IFA World Fistball Championships highlight competitive play.
Skeet shooting is a recreational and competitive activity whose participants use shotguns to attempt to break clay targets which two fixed stations mechanically fling into the air at high speed and at a variety of angles.
Skeleton is a thrilling winter sport where athletes slide head-first down an icy track on a small sled, reaching breakneck speeds and navigating treacherous turns. An Olympic sport since 2002, Skeleton demands immense courage, precision, and skill.
Ski Jumping is a thrilling winter sport where athletes launch themselves off large, sloping ramps called ski jumps, soaring through the air before landing on a steep hill. Ski Jumping demands exceptional skill, courage, and finesse, making it a captivating spectacle for both competitors and spectators.
Ski Mountaineering, also known as Skimo, is a winter sport that combines skiing and mountaineering. Skiers climb mountains using specialized equipment and techniques before skiing back down, emphasizing speed, endurance, and technical skill.
Skittles is a traditional European bowling game where players take turns rolling a ball or throwing a wooden pin to knock down nine pins arranged in a square formation. With its simple rules and emphasis on skill, Skittles is a fun and engaging pastime for players of all ages.
Skydiving is an extreme aerial sport where participants jump from an aircraft and freefall through the air before deploying a parachute. With options like tandem jumps, solo jumps, and formation skydiving, this adrenaline-pumping sport offers unforgettable experiences and breathtaking views.
Slacklining is walking, running or balancing along a suspended length of flat webbing that is tensioned between two anchors. Slacklining is similar to slack rope walking and tightrope walking. Slacklines differ from tightwires and tightropes in the type of material used and the amount of tension applied during use.
Sledge Hockey, also known as Para ice hockey, is an adaptive sport designed for athletes with physical disabilities. Played on ice with specially designed sledges, sledge hockey follows similar rules to traditional ice hockey and offers a fast-paced, exciting game for athletes and fans alike.
Snooker is a cue sport played on a large, rectangular table covered in green cloth. Players use a cue stick to strike billiard balls, aiming to score points by pocketing balls in a specific order. Snooker requires exceptional concentration, strategy, and precision.
Snow Polo is a variant of traditional polo played on snow-covered fields. Teams of three players each use mallets to hit a ball towards the opposing team’s goal, with the objective of scoring more points than their opponents.
Snow Rugby is a variant of rugby played on snow-covered fields. Teams of seven players each compete in a fast-paced, physical game, with the objective of scoring more points than their opponents by carrying or kicking the ball across the opposing team’s goal line.
Snowkiting is a thrilling winter sport where participants use large kites to harness the power of the wind, propelling themselves across snow-covered terrain on skis or snowboards. This high-adrenaline sport offers a unique way to explore snowy landscapes and execute gravity-defying stunts.
Snowmobile Racing is a winter sport where riders compete on snowmobiles in various disciplines, including cross-country, snocross, and hillclimb. Riders navigate snow-covered tracks and obstacles, aiming to finish in the fastest time possible.
Snowshoeing is a winter sport that involves walking over snow-covered terrain wearing special footwear called snowshoes. This low-impact activity is a fantastic way to explore the beauty of winter landscapes while getting a great workout.
Soapbox Derby is a gravity-powered racing sport that involves building and racing small, homemade cars. Participants use gravity and momentum to race downhill, with the objective of crossing the finish line first.
Speed Badminton, also known as Speedminton, is a racquet sport that combines elements of badminton, tennis, and squash. Played without a net, this fast-paced game emphasizes speed, agility, and hand-eye coordination, making it a thrilling and engaging sport.
Speed Climbing is a competitive form of rock climbing where athletes race up a fixed climbing route as quickly as possible. This demanding sport requires strength, speed, and technique, making it a thrilling and visually impressive discipline to watch.
Speed Golf is a combination of golf and running, where participants aim to complete a round of golf in the shortest time possible. Players run between holes, hitting shots quickly and efficiently, making it a challenging and fast-paced game.
Speed Skating is an exciting winter sport where athletes race around an ice track on specialized skates, striving to reach incredible speeds and outpace their opponents. With long, flat blades, speed skates are designed for optimal glide, making every stride count. Speed Skating includes both short track and long track events, each demanding exceptional strength, endurance, and technique. An Olympic sport since 1924, Speed Skating has captivated audiences with its fast-paced action and intense rivalries.
Speedball is a team sport that combines elements of soccer, basketball, and handball. Players pass and shoot a ball into a goal, with the objective of scoring more points than their opponents in a fast-paced, exciting game.
Speedrunning is the act of playing a video game, or section of a video game, with the goal of completing it as fast as possible. Speedrunning often involves following planned routes, which may incorporate sequence breaking and can exploit glitches that allow sections to be skipped or completed more quickly than intended. Tool-assisted speedrunning (TAS) is a subcategory of speedrunning that uses emulation software or additional tools to create a precisely controlled sequence of inputs.
Spikeball is a fast-paced, 2-on-2 game that involves hitting a small ball onto a net using only your hands. Players take turns hitting the ball off the net, with the opposing team having up to three touches to return it. The objective is to make the ball hit the net in a way that makes it difficult for the other team to return it.
Sprint Kayaking is a competitive water sport where athletes race across flat water in lightweight, narrow boats called kayaks. Requiring immense upper body strength, endurance, and technique, Sprint Kayaking is an exciting and challenging discipline enjoyed by enthusiasts worldwide.
Squash is an exhilarating indoor racket sport that requires agility, speed, and quick reflexes. Played within a four-walled court, opponents take turns hitting a small, rubber ball against the wall, aiming to make it difficult for their adversary to return the ball before it bounces twice. Squash matches are intense, fast-paced, and a fantastic way to stay in shape.
Squogging is an unconventional sport that combines elements of jogging and squatting. Participants perform squats while moving forward, creating a unique and challenging full-body workout.
Steeplechase is a unique track and field event where athletes race around a track while negotiating obstacles such as hurdles and water jumps. This demanding race requires exceptional speed, stamina, and agility, making it a true test of an athlete’s versatility and determination.
Stemming from logging activities, limbing is a sport involving the swift removal of branches from a tree trunk for contests or demonstrations. Participants in limbing competitions are typically expert woodcutters, showcasing their skills with axes and chainsaws in a controlled environment.
Stickball is a street sport with roots in North America, often considered a simplified version of baseball. Played with a broomstick or similar bat and a rubber ball, stickball is an accessible and engaging game for players of all ages and skill levels.
Street Hockey is a fast-paced, informal version of ice hockey, played on pavement or other hard surfaces. With minimal equipment and a focus on fun, Street Hockey offers an accessible way for players of all ages and skill levels to enjoy the excitement and camaraderie of the game.
Subbuteo is a tabletop soccer game where players use their fingers to flick small, plastic figurines around a miniature pitch, aiming to score goals against their opponent. With its detailed game pieces and strategic gameplay, Subbuteo offers an engaging and nostalgic experience for soccer enthusiasts.
Sumo Basketball is a light-hearted and entertaining variation of the traditional game of basketball. Players wear inflatable sumo suits while attempting to shoot hoops and navigate the court, creating a fun and hilarious experience for both participants and spectators.
Sumo Wrestling is a traditional Japanese sport that involves two wrestlers, known as rikishi, competing in a circular ring called a dohyo. The goal is to force the opponent out of the ring or make them touch the ground with any body part other than their feet.
Supercross is a form of off-road motorcycle racing that takes place on man-made dirt tracks featuring steep jumps and obstacles. Riders compete in high-speed races, aiming to complete the track in the shortest time possible.
Surf Skiing is a water sport that involves paddling a long, narrow kayak-like boat through waves and surf. This demanding sport requires strength, skill, and endurance, making it a great workout and an exciting way to experience the ocean.
Swimming is a water sport that involves various techniques to propel oneself through the water, such as freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly. Competitive swimming includes timed races, where athletes aim to finish first in their respective events. Swimming is a part of the Olympic Games, showcasing the skill, speed, and endurance of swimmers from around the globe.
Synchronized Diving is an aquatic sport that combines the grace and precision of diving with the added challenge of performing in perfect unison with a partner. Athletes execute identical dives simultaneously, aiming to impress judges with their synchronization, technique, and form.
Synchronized Swimming is a mesmerizing aquatic sport that combines elements of swimming, dance, and gymnastics. Athletes perform elegant, synchronized routines to music while maintaining perfect timing, form, and expression. This captivating sport demands incredible strength, endurance, and flexibility, as well as exceptional breath control. Synchronized Swimming has been an Olympic event since 1984, showcasing the remarkable talent and dedication of athletes around the world.
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Table Football, also known as foosball, features miniature figures mounted on rotating bars to simulate a soccer game. Players manipulate the bars to control their team, aiming to score goals against their opponent.Table Hockey is a tabletop game where players use levers and knobs to control miniature hockey figures. The objective is to score goals by shooting a small puck into the opposing net, while preventing your own net from being scored upon.
Table Squash is a racket sport played on a smaller squash court with a softer, larger ball. Designed to be more accessible, it emphasizes fun and inclusivity while still offering a good workout.
Table tennis, also known as ping-pong, is a popular sport enjoyed by both professional athletes and amateurs. Players use quick wrist movements to hit the ball back and forth across the table in a fast-paced exchange of shots. Requiring speed, agility, and precision, it’s a popular indoor sport worldwide, with singles and doubles formats.
Taekkyeon is a traditional Korean martial art that emphasizes fluid movements, flexibility, and rhythmic motion. The sport is characterized by high, acrobatic kicks, and practitioners also use their hands for defense and attack. It was designated a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2011.
Taekwondo is a Korean martial art that emphasizes high, fast kicks and jumping and spinning techniques. Practiced for self-defense, fitness, and as a competitive sport, it became an official Olympic event in 2000.
Tafl is an ancient Scandinavian board game involving strategy and tactics. Its asymmetric gameplay involves one player defending a king in the center, while the other player tries to capture the king with a larger army.
Taidō is a modern Japanese martial art that focuses on dynamic movements, evasion, and strategy. Created by Seiken Shukumine in 1965, Taidō emphasizes harmony between mind, body, and technique. Practitioners perform various acrobatic movements, such as cartwheels and flips, to execute complex techniques.
Tamburello is an Italian ball game with ancient origins, played using a small, round tambourine-like racquet. The objective is to hit the ball over a marked line on the ground, making it difficult for the opposing team to return it. Tamburello can be played in various formats, including indoor and outdoor settings.
Tang Soo Do is a Korean martial art that combines elements of Shotokan karate, Chinese martial arts, and indigenous Korean combat techniques. Founded by Hwang Kee in 1945, Tang Soo Do emphasizes self-discipline, respect, and moral character development. It focuses on high, fast kicks and strong hand techniques.
Target Archery is a precision sport where archers aim to shoot arrows as close as possible to the center of a target at varying distances. Competitions take place indoors and outdoors, with different rounds and scoring systems. It is an Olympic and Paralympic sport enjoyed by athletes of all ages.
Target Golf is a precision-based golf variation where players aim to hit a designated target on a golf course or driving range. Targets vary in size and distance, testing golfers’ accuracy and consistency. This format allows for faster play and can be enjoyed by golfers of all skill levels.
Tchouk-tchouk, also known as Tchoukball, is a Swiss sport combining elements of handball and volleyball. Players score points by throwing a ball against a trampoline-like frame, aiming to make it bounce out of reach of the opposing team. Fast-paced and non-contact, Tchouk-tchouk promotes teamwork and fair play.
Tchoukball is a sport that combines elements of volleyball, handball, and rebounding. It is played with a trampoline-like net, where points are scored by throwing and catching a ball without it being intercepted.
Te Ano is a traditional Tuvaluan sport resembling volleyball. Players use their hands to strike a woven ball over a net, aiming for the opponent’s court without the ball touching the ground.
Team Penning showcases equestrian skills, teamwork, and cattle handling. Three riders work together to separate specific cattle from a herd and guide them into a pen within a set time limit. Yeehaw!
Teams, tension, and tremendous triceps – tug of war has it all! Tug of War involves two teams pulling on opposite ends of a rope, with the objective of pulling the opposing team across a center line. This test of strength was an Olympic sport until 1920 and remains popular at community events.
Tee-ball is a team sport based on a simplified form of baseball or softball. It is intended as an introduction for children to develop bat-and-ball game skills and have fun.
Tejo, a Colombian game, blends accuracy and explosive excitement. Players toss metal discs toward a clay-covered target board, attempting to strike embedded mechas or small gunpowder pouches, causing an explosion.
Telemark Skiing, originating in Norway, is a downhill skiing style. Skiers turn with a bent knee and free heel, combining elements of alpine and Nordic skiing, offering a graceful and dynamic experience.
Tennikoit, also called ring tennis, is played with a rubber ring thrown over a net. Players use quick reflexes to catch and throw the ring, maintaining rallies and competing for points.
Tennis Polo mixes tennis and polo rules. Players usually ride bicycles, using tennis racquets to hit a tennis ball into their opponent’s goal. Speed, balance, and coordination are crucial for success.
Tent Pegging, a cavalry sport, has riders galloping at full speed, using a lance or sword to pick up small targets like pegs or rings. It showcases equestrian skills, precision, and control. Saddle up for this ancient equestrian sport!
Teqball, a hybrid of soccer and table tennis, challenges players to return a soccer ball across a curved table using any body part except arms and hands. It promotes creativity and ball control.
Testing the stamina of horse and rider, endurance riding involves covering long distances, typically 50 to 100 miles, within a certain time limit. The International Equestrian Federation (FEI) governs the sport, with major events like the Endurance World Championship and the Tevis Cup.
Tetherball is a game where two players use their hands to strike a volleyball which is suspended from a stationary metal pole by a rope or tether. The two players stand on opposite sides of the pole, and each tries to hit the ball one way; one clockwise, and one counterclockwise.
Tetrathlon combines four disciplines: shooting, swimming, running, and equestrian show jumping. It tests athletes’ versatility, endurance, and mental strength, providing a demanding yet rewarding competition experience.
The Downside Ball Game, played at Downside School in England, is a unique sport. Involving two teams, players score by hitting a ball against a wall, while opponents attempt to intercept and counter – a chaotic, thrilling test of strength and stamina!
The Hammer System of Wrestling was created to provide detailed, step-by-step approach for athletes of all levels to progress through their wrestling techniques and skills systematically. Much like the belts in martial arts, our system uses “shirts” to identify levels and abilities. A person who is a “hammer” is one who never quits, is relentless in whatever they pursue, and is tough mentally and physically.
The ancient sport of hunting with trained birds of prey, now a UNESCO-recognized cultural practice, falconry has various national associations but no Olympic status. The International Falconry Festival is a major cultural gathering for falconers.
The hammer throw is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track and field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin. The "hammer" used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip.
The icosathlon is an event in track and field which consists of 20 track and field events, often called the double decathlon. The event consists of 20 events, including the 10 traditional decathlon events with 10 additional track and field events. Usually the competition is held over two days. There is an additional rule that each day should contain a pause of one hour.
The intricate art of creating handmade fishing lures that imitate insects and other prey. While not a competitive sport, fly tying is a popular pastime among fishing enthusiasts, with local and regional events showcasing creative and practical designs.
The main differences between an indoor and outdoor track are climatic conditions. Too cold or even too hot weather can have a huge impact on your karting business. Thanks to the enclosed environment, indoor karting is weather-independent and allows year-round business.
The marathon is a long-distance foot race with a distance of 42.195 km, usually run as a road race, but the distance can be covered on trail routes. The marathon can be completed by running or with a run/walk strategy.
This cue sport, a variation of standard pocket billiards, arose in the United States during the early 20th century. It is widely played today in professional tournaments and amateur leagues, particularly in North and South America, Europe, and Asia. The World Pool-Billiard Association organizes the World Nine-ball Championship annually.
This elegant and strategic combat sport is administered by the International Fencing Federation (FIE). Being an Olympic sport since the inaugural 1896 Games in Athens, it comprises three disciplines: foil, épée, and sabre. The Fencing World Championships is another prestigious annual event.
This lesser-known Australian sport involves competitors passing a rugby-like ball between teammates, where the objective is to advance the ball down the field without being tackled. While still predominantly an amateur invitational sport, Quibble Quack has a small but committed following. With its unique combination of rugby, football, and a few crocodile wrestling techniques, it has endless potential for growth.
This motorsport traces its origins back to the 1970s in the United States. Quad racing, also known as ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle) racing, enjoys widespread popularity in North America and Europe. The professional GNCC Racing series and the Quadcross series are among the sport’s most prestigious competitions, showcasing top off-road racers.
This multi-sport discipline, created in Finland in the 1980s, combines table tennis, badminton, squash, and tennis – all racket sports. Competitors play each other in these four consecutive sports, with the winner decided by their overall score across all games. The sport has a dedicated World Championship event, but it has not been included in the Olympics.
This upbeat physical fitness activity involves incorporating modern dance moves into energetic workout routines. Dancercise classes, like Zumba and Jazzercise, are popular worldwide for their cardiovascular benefits and fun workout experience.
This variation of dodgeball originates from the United States during the late 20th century. Though not as well-known as Queimada, it is played mainly in North America. Quaffle has not yet gained widespread professional recognition, remaining a casual recreational sport.
Three times the challenge, triple the fun! Triathlon is an endurance multisport race consisting of swimming, cycling, and running segments. Participants compete to complete the course in the fastest time, with transitions between disciplines considered an important aspect of the race.
Throwball is a sport similar to volleyball, originating from India. It is played on a rectangular court with a net in the middle. The objective is to throw the ball over the net, scoring points when opponents fail to catch or return it within specific rules.
Tightwire is the skill of maintaining balance while walking along a tensioned wire between two points. It can be done either using a balancing tool (umbrella, fan, balance pole, etc.) or "freehand", using only one's body to maintain balance.
Time Attack is a motorsport discipline in which drivers compete to achieve the fastest single lap time on a race track. Rather than racing wheel-to-wheel, drivers focus on precision and skill to shave off seconds. Time Attack events draw enthusiasts and professional racers alike.
Toboggan refers to both a traditional, flat-bottomed sled and the thrilling activity of sliding down snow-covered slopes. Participants can enjoy tobogganing recreationally or competitively, often reaching high speeds as they race down hills. Tobogganing events occur worldwide, especially in winter sports destinations.
Toe Wrestling is a quirky sport requiring strength and agility, invented in the UK. Two competitors face off barefoot, locking toes to try and pin each other’s foot. This unique sport tests foot dexterity and has even developed its own World Championship.
Topgolf is a modern, entertaining twist on traditional golf, merging technology with gameplay. Players hit microchipped golf balls toward targets on a range, earning points based on distance and accuracy. Topgolf venues often include bars, restaurants, and other amenities for a social, engaging experience.
Torball is a team sport designed for visually impaired athletes. Players rely on their hearing to locate a bell-filled ball, aiming to score goals by throwing it past the opposing team’s defenders.
Toss Juggling showcases a performer’s coordination and skill. Jugglers throw and catch multiple objects, like balls, rings, or clubs, in a rhythmic pattern. There are various techniques and styles, with some performers incorporating comedy or acrobatics. Both amateur and professional jugglers participate in competitions and performances.
Touch Rugby is a non-contact version of rugby where players score by touching their opponents with their hand instead of tackling them. It’s a fast-paced, fun and inclusive sport suitable for all ages and abilities.
Touchtennis is a modified version of tennis played on a smaller court with soft foam balls and shorter racquets. It emphasizes quick reactions and strategic play, making it accessible and enjoyable for players of all ages and skill levels.
Tour Skating involves long-distance ice skating races on natural or artificial ice. Skaters compete individually or in teams, with the objective of covering a set distance in the shortest time possible, often in challenging weather conditions.
Touring Car Racing features modified production cars competing on circuits. Known for its close and exciting racing, it highlights the importance of driver skill and strategy, with races held in various categories and regions worldwide.
Town Ball is a precursor to modern baseball, originating in the United States. Players use a wooden bat to hit a ball and run around bases to score points. Rules and equipment may vary regionally.
Track Racing is a form of motorcycle racing held on flat, oval tracks. Racers compete in multiple heats, with the goal of accumulating points based on their finishing positions, ultimately striving to win the championship.
Track cycling is a bicycle racing sport usually held on specially built banked tracks or velodromes using purpose-designed track bicycles.
Tractor Pulling involves modified tractors pulling heavy sleds across a dirt track. Contestants compete to see who can haul the furthest distance. Each tractor is customized for increased horsepower and torque, making this sport an exciting spectacle of power and engineering.
Trap Shooting tests a shooter’s precision and reflexes. Participants aim at clay targets, called pigeons, launched from a trap house. The sport has a strong emphasis on safety, and proper equipment and technique are essential for success. Many enjoy its camaraderie and competitive spirit.
Turbo Quidditch is an adaptation of the fictional sport from the Harry Potter series, played on the ground rather than on broomsticks. Participants use dodgeballs to represent the Quaffle, Bludgers, and Snitch. The game emphasizes athleticism, strategy, and cooperation, offering a unique experience for fans and athletes alike.
T’ai chi ch’uan, often shortened to Tai Chi, is a Chinese martial art practiced for health benefits, meditation, and self-defense. It involves slow, deliberate movements coordinated with deep breathing, promoting balance, flexibility, and relaxation. Tai Chi is popular worldwide due to its accessibility and calming nature.
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Ultimate Tazer Ball is an extreme sport that combines elements of soccer, rugby, and paintball. Players attempt to score goals by carrying or throwing a large ball into the opposing team’s goal, all while avoiding being “tazed” by their opponents using stun guns. This electrifying sport requires immense physical fitness, agility, and a strong tolerance for pain as players navigate the intense gameplay.Ultimate is a non-contact, self-refereed team sport played with a flying disc frisbee. The aim of the game-Two teams of seven players compete on a playing field about the same length as a football field, but narrower. At each end of the playing field there is an end zone.
Ultralight Aviation is a recreational sport that involves flying lightweight, single or two-seat aircraft. This sport offers enthusiasts the opportunity to explore the skies and experience the freedom of flight, while requiring a solid understanding of aviation principles and safety.
Ultramarathon Running pushes the limits of human endurance. These long-distance races extend beyond the traditional marathon length of 26.2 miles (42.195 kilometers), with some events covering distances of 50, 100, or even 200 miles. Ultramarathon runners face extreme physical and mental challenges, including varied terrain, unpredictable weather conditions, and grueling hours on their feet. This demanding sport attracts dedicated athletes who seek the ultimate test of their perseverance and determination.
Underwater Football is a team sport played in a swimming pool, where players use snorkeling gear and attempt to move a negatively buoyant ball to the opposing team’s goal. This sport requires excellent swimming skills, breath control, and teamwork.
Underwater Photography is a fascinating sport and art form that combines diving skills with the passion for capturing the beauty of the underwater world. Photographers immerse themselves in oceans, lakes, and rivers, using specialized equipment to take stunning images of marine life, coral reefs, and other underwater wonders. This sport requires excellent diving abilities, creativity, and patience, as photographers often need to wait for the perfect shot amidst challenging conditions.
Underwater Rugby is an intense aquatic sport that combines elements of rugby, water polo, and basketball. Played in a deep pool, two teams of six players each strive to score goals by placing a negatively buoyant ball into the opposing team’s underwater goal. Athletes must demonstrate remarkable breath control, swimming ability, and teamwork to excel in this challenging sport.
Unicycle Basketball takes the excitement of basketball to a whole new level by adding the unique challenge of playing on unicycles. Similar to traditional basketball, players must dribble, pass, and shoot the ball into the opposing team’s hoop to score points. Unicycle Basketball demands incredible balance, coordination, and teamwork, making it an exciting and unconventional sport for players and spectators alike.
Unicycle Gliding is a discipline of unicycling in which riders glide smoothly down slopes or inclines, balancing on one pedal while the other foot rests on the unicycle’s fork or tire. This sport demands excellent control, balance, and a keen sense of adventure.
Unicycle Jousting combines the challenge of unicycling with the excitement of jousting. Riders, armed with foam or padded lances, attempt to unseat their opponents from their unicycles, demonstrating balance, courage, and accuracy.
Unicycle Polo is a unique variation of the traditional sport of polo, where players ride unicycles instead of horses. Teams of five players use mallets to hit a small ball, aiming to score goals by getting the ball through the opposing team’s goalposts. This unconventional sport requires exceptional unicycling skills, hand-eye coordination, and teamwork to outmaneuver opponents and secure victory on the field.
Unicycle Sumo is an unconventional and entertaining sport where two competitors on unicycles try to push each other out of a marked circle. This sport demands excellent balance, strength, and strategy to outwit and overpower the opponent.
Unicycle Trials is a discipline of unicycling where riders navigate through obstacle courses, showcasing their technical skills, balance, and creativity. Athletes must complete the course without touching the ground or any obstacles with their feet.
Uppies and Downies is a traditional ball game played in the United Kingdom, specifically in Workington, Cumbria. Similar to rugby, the objective is to move a ball to specific goals by any means possible, with teams made up of “Uppies” and “Downies” based on where players were born in relation to the town’s river.
Urban Exploration, also known as Urbex, is an adventure sport where participants explore abandoned buildings, underground tunnels, and other off-limits or seldom-seen locations. This sport requires courage, curiosity, and a strong sense of adventure.
Urban Golf puts a creative twist on traditional golf, taking the game to the streets, parks, and other unconventional locations. Instead of a manicured golf course, players navigate through urban landscapes, using everyday objects as targets and obstacles. This alternative sport encourages creativity, adaptability, and a sense of adventure as players explore new ways to enjoy the classic game.
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VX is played by two teams of five players. The court is roughly the size of a sports hall with four badminton courts. Each player uses a VstiX. This is made up of a control bar and a thrower/catcher at each end. Players are not restricted to a certain area but can go anywhere on court. They must dribble by rock-ing the ball between the two ends, or by using one end of the VstiX to bounce the ball on the floor. Five balls are in play. One point is scored by hitting an opponent with the ball between the shoulders and the feet. Three points are scored by catching an opponent's thrown ball. When a player is hit (s)he must stand still, raise a hand and look to the referee. The referee records the point and tells the player to play on. The referee is assisted by two umpires positioned on the opposite side of the court. The role of the umpires is simply to look for infringements. All infringements incur a three-point penalty. Violence results in ejection from the game and disciplinary action. Examples of infringements areVert skateboarding, short for vertical skateboarding, is the act of riding a skateboard on a skate ramp or other incline and involves the skateboarder transitioning from the horizontal plane to the vertical plane in order to perform skateboarding tricks
Viking wrestling or Glima is the name that covers several types of Nordic folk wrestling practiced as sport and combat. In one common form of glima, players grip their opponent by the waist and attempt to throw them to the ground using technique rather than force. Other variants allow for more aggression.
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Wakeboarding is a water sport in which the rider, standing on a wakeboard, is towed behind a motorboat across its wake and especially up off the crest in order to perform aerial maneuvers. A hallmark of wakeboarding is the attempted performance of midair tricks.Wakeskating is a water sport closely related to wakeboarding, but with a crucial difference: riders use a wakeskate instead of a wakeboard, which is not attached to their feet. This allows for more skateboard-like tricks and maneuvers on the water. Wakeskating requires balance, coordination, and agility as riders perform flips, grinds, and spins while being towed by a boat or cable system.
Walking football is a modified version of soccer designed for older adults or those with limited mobility. The primary difference is that players must walk, not run, during gameplay. This adaptation allows participants to enjoy the social and physical benefits of soccer while minimizing the risk of injury. Walking football has gained popularity in recent years, with leagues and clubs emerging worldwide.
Wallball, also known as handball, is a fast-paced sport played with a small rubber ball and a wall. Players take turns striking the ball against the wall using their hands, aiming to make it difficult for their opponent to return the ball before it bounces twice. Wallball can be played in singles or doubles format and is popular in many countries, with a growing number of indoor and outdoor courts.
Wallyball is a fast-paced sport that is similar to volleyball played in a racquetball court, where it is legal to hit the ball off of the walls. The word "wallyball" is a portmanteau of the words "wall" and "volleyball"
Water polo is a fast-paced and physically demanding team sport played in a swimming pool. Two teams, each consisting of six field players and a goalkeeper, compete to score goals by throwing a ball into the opposing team’s net. Players must tread water and swim throughout the match, making water polo an incredibly challenging sport that requires excellent swimming skills, strength, and endurance. Water polo has been an Olympic event since 1900 for men and 2000 for women.
Western riding is a style of horseback riding that originated in the United States and focuses on the traditions and techniques of working ranches. Western riding emphasizes the strong bond between horse and rider, with events such as reining, cutting, and barrel racing showcasing the agility, speed, and skill of both partners. Western riding has a dedicated following worldwide and is celebrated through competitions, exhibitions, and recreational activities.
Wheelchair Dance Sport, also known as para dance sport, is an elegant and expressive activity that combines the grace of ballroom dancing with the athleticism of wheelchair sports. Competitions feature various dance styles, such as Latin, standard, and freestyle, with participants dancing in pairs or formations. Wheelchair Dance Sport promotes inclusivity, creativity, and physical fitness for athletes with and without disabilities.
Wheelchair basketball is a highly competitive and adaptive version of basketball designed for athletes with physical disabilities. The game follows most traditional basketball rules, with some modifications to accommodate wheelchair use. Teams of five players each compete on a standard-sized court, aiming to score by shooting the ball through the opponent’s hoop. Wheelchair basketball has been a Paralympic sport since 1960 and is played in numerous countries worldwide.
Wheelchair football uses a standard-sized foam football and all players must use a wheelchair, even if they are ambulatory. Both manual and motorized wheelchairs can be used to play. The game is played indoors on basketball courts or outdoors on gravel courts.
Wheelchair handball is an adaptive version of team handball designed for athletes with physical disabilities. Played on a standard handball court, the sport involves two teams of seven players each, competing to throw a ball into the opposing team’s goal. Wheelchair handball requires excellent ball handling, passing, and shooting skills, as well as tactical thinking and teamwork.
Wheelchair marathon is a style of wheelchair racing which usually takes place on open roads and runs in conjunction with some of the major marathons that take place over the world throughout the year
Wheelchair rugby is a full-contact, adaptive team sport played by athletes with quadriplegia or limited mobility. Played on an indoor court, teams of four players each compete to carry a ball over the opposing team’s goal line. Wheelchair rugby combines elements of basketball, handball, and ice hockey, and requires exceptional strength, agility, and teamwork. The sport has been part of the Paralympic Games since 2000.
Wheelchair tennis is an adaptive version of tennis designed for athletes with physical disabilities affecting their lower limbs. The sport follows most traditional tennis rules, with one notable exception: the ball is allowed to bounce twice before being returned. Wheelchair tennis is played on standard tennis courts and has been a part of the Paralympic Games since 1992, featuring singles and doubles events.
While kite flying is more of a recreational activity than a competitive sport, its origins can be traced back to ancient China around 470 BC. Today, kite festivals take place globally, including well-known events such as the Festa del Aquilone in Italy and the Weifang International Kite Festival in China.
While more of a performing art than a traditional sport, marching bands involve groups of musicians and visual ensembles who perform together using precisely choreographed routines. Originating in the ancient world, marching bands have become an integral part of school and university athletic events throughout the United States, and a variety of competitions showcase the skills of band participants, such as the Bands of America Grand Nationals and Drum Corps International Championships.
Whitewater kayaking is an adrenaline-fueled water sport where paddlers navigate turbulent rapids and swift currents in specialized kayaks. The sport requires excellent paddling skills, balance, and quick decision-making as participants tackle obstacles like rocks, waves, and waterfalls. Whitewater kayaking can be enjoyed recreationally or competitively, with events such as slalom, downriver, and freestyle showcasing the skills and techniques of athletes around the world.
Who wouldn’t want to take flight in this gravity-defying sport? Trampolining, an Olympic gymnastics event since 2000, sees athletes perform acrobatics while bouncing on a trampoline.
Wife carrying is a unique and amusing sport that originated in Finland. In this competition, male participants carry their female partners through a challenging obstacle course featuring sand, water, and other hurdles. The objective is to complete the course in the shortest time possible, with various carrying techniques such as piggyback, fireman’s carry, and the popular Estonian-style method. Wife carrying competitions take place globally, often accompanied by a lighthearted, festive atmosphere.
Wiffleball is a simplified version of baseball or softball, played with a lightweight, perforated plastic ball and a long, narrow plastic bat. The unique design of the wiffle ball allows for a wide variety of pitches and reduced flight distance, making it ideal for small playing areas like backyards or parks. Wiffleball is popular among players of all ages and skill levels, offering a fun and accessible way to enjoy the classic American pastime.
Windsurfing, a thrilling water sport, combines elements of both surfing and sailing. Participants stand on a board while holding onto a sail attached to a mast, using the wind to propel themselves across the water. Balance, strength, and agility are crucial in mastering this exciting sport. Windsurfing competitions include racing, freestyle, and wave riding events, showcasing the diverse skills of athletes from around the world. One of the most famous windsurfing events is the Aloha Classic, held annually in Maui, Hawaii, attracting the world’s best windsurfers to compete in big wave conditions.
Wing Chun is a traditional Chinese martial art and self-defense system that emphasizes close-range combat, quick strikes, and efficiency of movement. Practitioners learn to use their opponent’s force against them through techniques such as trapping, redirection, and simultaneous attack and defense. Wing Chun has a dedicated following worldwide and is often studied for its practical self-defense applications and philosophical teachings.
Winter Guard is a captivating indoor performance sport that combines elements of dance, marching, and color guard. Performers showcase their skills in choreographed routines set to music, using various equipment such as flags, rifles, and sabers. Winter Guard emphasizes precision, artistry, and teamwork and is often associated with high schools, universities, and independent organizations. Competitions are held at regional, national, and international levels.
Winter biathlon is a challenging winter sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting. Athletes ski through a set course and stop at designated shooting ranges, where they must accurately hit targets while managing their heart rate and breathing. Winter biathlon requires a unique combination of endurance, skiing skills, and marksmanship. The sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games since 1960.
Winter swimming is the daring practice of swimming in open water during the colder months, often in freezing temperatures. Enthusiasts of winter swimming claim numerous health benefits, such as improved immune function, increased circulation, and mental well-being. Winter swimming events, such as races and polar plunges, take place worldwide, and many participants join clubs or communities to share their passion for this invigorating activity.
Winter triathlon is a multisport event that tests the endurance, versatility, and skills of athletes in cold-weather conditions. The competition typically consists of three disciplines: running, mountain biking, and cross-country skiing. Each segment takes place on snow-covered terrain, adding an extra layer of difficulty to the already challenging race. Winter triathlons can vary in distance and are held in countries with suitable climates, drawing participants who embrace the challenges of competing in freezing conditions.
With roots dating back to the early 20th century, offroad racing is a motorsport that takes place on unsurfaced terrain, often including mud, gravel, and sand. Now popular worldwide, the sport includes renowned events such as the Baja 1000, Dakar Rally, and King of the Hammers. Despite its global appeal, offroad racing has not yet been included in the Olympic Games.
Wok racing is an unconventional and entertaining winter sport that originated in Germany from the TV show TV Total. Participants race down an ice track, similar to those used in luge and bobsled competitions, while sitting in a modified Chinese wok pan. Racers can reach incredible speeds, adding an adrenaline-pumping aspect to this unique and quirky sport. Wok racing competitions have gained popularity over the years, drawing both amateur and professional athletes looking for a fun and challenging experience on the ice.
Wood chopping, also known as lumberjack sports, is a collection of competitive events that involve chopping, sawing, and climbing wooden logs or poles. Some popular wood chopping events include the underhand chop, standing block chop, and single buck. These physically demanding challenges require strength, precision, and skill, as athletes wield axes and saws to demonstrate their prowess. Wood chopping competitions are held in various countries, with national and international championships drawing spectators and competitors alike.
Woodball is a sport similar to golf, originating from Taiwan. Played on grass, sand, or indoor surfaces, the objective is to strike a wooden ball through a series of gates using a mallet in as few strokes as possible. Woodball requires precision, strategy, and technique, with competitions held at regional, national, and international levels. The sport is enjoyed by players of all ages and abilities.
Woodsman, also known as lumberjack sports or timbersports, is a collection of competitive events based on traditional logging skills and techniques. Competitions include events such as wood chopping, sawing, log rolling, and axe throwing. Woodsman events showcase the strength, agility, and skill of competitors, with both individual and team challenges. The sport has a dedicated following, with events held worldwide and even televised championships.
Wrestling is a physically demanding combat sport that involves grappling techniques, throws, and takedowns. The objective is to pin the opponent’s shoulders to the mat or gain points through various offensive and defensive moves. Wrestling has ancient origins and is practiced worldwide, with styles such as freestyle, Greco-Roman, and folkstyle. Wrestling has been a part of the Olympic Games since its modern inception in 1896 and remains a popular sport among athletes of all ages.
Wushu, also known as Chinese martial arts, is both a competitive sport and a traditional practice with a rich cultural history. Wushu competitions consist of two categories: taolu (forms) and sanda (sparring). Taolu events showcase the beauty, grace, and power of Wushu through choreographed routines, while sanda emphasizes practical combat skills and techniques. Wushu is practiced worldwide and has a dedicated international following.
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X-treme diving, or high diving, takes traditional diving to new heights, as athletes launch themselves from platforms or cliffs towering over the water. With heights reaching up to 90 feet (27 meters) or more, divers must execute a series of acrobatic maneuvers while maintaining precise body control and spatial awareness. As they plummet towards the water at high speeds, divers must also master the art of entering the water with minimal impact to avoid injury. X-treme diving is a breathtaking spectacle that demands equal parts courage, skill, and grace.X-treme rock climbing takes the sport to new heights, challenging climbers to tackle some of the world’s most difficult and dangerous rock faces. Often venturing into remote locations, athletes ascend steep cliffs and overhangs, relying on their physical strength, mental fortitude, and technical expertise. With an emphasis on skill, endurance, and risk management, X-treme rock climbing appeals to those who are passionate about pushing their limits and conquering the most formidable natural obstacles.
X-treme surfing takes the sport to new heights, challenging surfers to ride towering waves in hazardous conditions. The pursuit of monstrous waves has given birth to big wave surfing, a discipline that sees athletes taking on swells exceeding 20 feet in height. While pushing the limits of what’s possible, surfers must also be mindful of the potential dangers that come with this high-stakes, high-reward pursuit.
Xingyiquan, sometimes referred to as “Form and Will Boxing,” is a Chinese martial art characterized by its linear, explosive movements and emphasis on internal power. Practitioners seek to combine their mental intention with their physical actions, employing a series of coordinated stances and strikes that mimic the movements of various animals. Xingyiquan is known for its practical self-defense applications, as well as its potential to improve one’s overall health and well-being.
Xipho is a form of fencing that involves the use of a short sword. This lesser-known discipline places an emphasis on close-quarters combat and swift, agile movements. While modern fencing competitions typically feature the foil, épée, or sabre, Xipho offers a unique alternative for those looking to explore the world of swordplay in a different light.
Xtreme Bull Riding pushes the limits of rodeo competition, pitting cowboys against powerful, bucking bulls in a test of endurance and skill. With just a rope to grip and no saddle for support, riders must rely on their balance, strength, and courage to remain atop the bull for a full eight seconds. As one of the most dangerous and thrilling sports, Xtreme Bull Riding captivates audiences with its combination of athleticism and raw, unbridled power.
Xtreme air sports encompass a wide range of aerial activities that test the boundaries of human flight and daring. These thrilling pursuits include skydiving, BASE jumping, wingsuit flying, and paragliding. Participants often leap from planes, cliffs, or other elevated platforms, using specialized equipment and techniques to control their descent and execute aerial maneuvers. Safety is paramount in these high-risk sports, with extensive training and experience required to minimize the dangers involved.
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Yachting is a water sport that involves racing or cruising on a yacht or sailboat. The sport tests sailors’ skills, teamwork, and strategy as they navigate their vessels through varying wind and water conditions. Yachting competitions, such as the prestigious America’s Cup and The Ocean Race, attract participants and spectators from around the globe.Yak Polo, a unique and unconventional sport played primarily in the remote regions of the Himalayas, is a variation of traditional polo. Instead of horses, players ride domesticated yaks while attempting to score goals by hitting a ball with long-handled mallets. Yak Polo is known for its high-altitude setting and the remarkable agility of the yaks despite their large size.
Yak Racing is an exciting and traditional sport practiced in the high-altitude regions of Tibet, Nepal, and Bhutan. During festivals, riders compete to showcase the speed and strength of their yaks. The races take place at high elevations, making it a challenging and thrilling event for both the riders and the spectators.
Yama-dera, or “mountain temple,” is a Japanese sport that involves climbing steep mountainsides to reach ancient temples and shrines. Participants traverse challenging terrain and endure physical hardships as a form of spiritual practice, seeking personal growth and enlightenment through their efforts.
Yağlı Güreş, or Turkish oil wrestling, is a traditional sport with a history dating back thousands of years. Wrestlers cover their bodies in olive oil and compete to pin or lift their opponents off the ground, making it challenging to maintain a grip. The annual Kırkpınar Oil Wrestling Tournament, held in Edirne, Turkey, is the oldest continuously held sporting event in the world.
Yin Yoga is a slow-paced and meditative style of yoga that targets deep connective tissues, such as fascia, ligaments, and joints. With poses held for longer periods (often several minutes), Yin Yoga promotes flexibility, circulation, and relaxation.
Yo-yoing is an entertaining and challenging activity where players manipulate a yo-yo, a spinning toy consisting of two disks connected by an axle, with a string wound around it. Skilled yo-yo players perform a variety of tricks and techniques, from simple loops to complex string manipulations.
Yogasana (also known as Yogagassen), or competitive yoga, brings together athletes who demonstrate their skill, strength, and flexibility through a series of complex yoga postures. Competitors are judged on factors such as balance, control, and grace. While some practitioners argue that competition goes against the essence of yoga, others believe that it encourages discipline, dedication, and the pursuit of excellence in one’s practice. The World Cup of Yogasana Sports is considered the most prestigious and important professional tournament for Yogasana practitioners worldwide.
Yoseikan Budo is a comprehensive martial art founded by Minoru Mochizuki in 1931, blending elements of judo, aikido, karate, and other traditional Japanese martial arts. The discipline focuses on personal development, self-defense, and harmony between body and mind. Practitioners learn striking, grappling, and weapon techniques, as well as acrobatic movements and mental training.
Yotsudama is a variation of Four-Ball carom billiards, a cue sport played on a pocketless table. Players use a cue stick to strike their cue ball, attempting to make contact with the opponent’s cue ball and the two other object balls in a single shot. Yotsudama adds an extra layer of strategy and skill to traditional carom billiards.
Yowling, also known as lawn bowls or simply bowls, is a sport in which the objective is to roll slightly asymmetrical balls, called bowls, as close as possible to a smaller ball called the jack. Yowling is played on a flat, rectangular green and requires precision, strategy, and a steady hand.
Yubi Lakpi, a traditional football game played in Manipur, India, is often referred to as “coconut rugby.” In this sport, teams compete to carry a greased coconut to the goal post on the opponent’s side of the field. Yubi Lakpi emphasizes speed, agility, and teamwork, with players showcasing their athleticism and skill in a unique cultural setting.
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Zorb Football, also known as bubble soccer or bubble football, puts a fun twist on traditional soccer by encasing players in large, inflatable bubbles called zorbs. In this high-energy sport, players are protected from their heads to their knees within the zorb, allowing them to bump into and bounce off opponents without risking injury. The objective remains the same as in regular soccer – to score goals against the opposing team – but the added element of the zorbs makes for a hilarious and entertaining experience.Zorbing, also known as globe-riding or orbing, is a unique sport that involves rolling downhill inside a transparent, inflatable sphere called a zorb. Zorbs are typically made of flexible plastic and consist of two layers, with the inner layer being suspended by cords attached to the outer layer. Participants can either be strapped inside the zorb or ride freely within the inner chamber. Zorbing can be enjoyed on grassy slopes or specially designed tracks, and some variations include water zorbing and zorb football.
Zourkhaneh, which translates to “House of Strength,” is an ancient Iranian sport that combines elements of strength training, calisthenics, and martial arts. Also known as Varzesh-e Bastani or Pahlavani, this traditional sport dates back thousands of years and is deeply rooted in Iranian culture and history. Practitioners, known as Pahlevans, perform various exercises and movements, such as push-ups, leg raises, and club swinging, accompanied by drumming and chanting. Zourkhaneh is more than just a sport; it is a way of life that emphasizes chivalry, humility, and physical fitness.
Zui Quan, also known as Drunken Fist or Drunken Boxing, is a unique Chinese martial art that imitates the movements and characteristics of a person under the influence of alcohol. This unconventional fighting style, which has its origins in the Chinese opera and ancient Taoist practices, relies on deception, fluidity, and unpredictability to gain an advantage over opponents. Practitioners of Zui Quan perform staggering, swaying, and seemingly uncoordinated movements, often punctuated by sudden bursts of speed and power. While appearing off-balance, they maintain control and leverage their opponent’s confusion to land strikes or evade attacks.
Zumba is a lively dance fitness program that combines Latin and international music with dance moves. Created by Colombian dancer and choreographer Alberto “Beto” Perez in the 1990s, Zumba has become a worldwide phenomenon, attracting millions of participants who enjoy the high-energy, calorie-burning workouts. Zumba classes typically last about an hour and are led by certified instructors. The dance styles incorporated in Zumba include salsa, merengue, cumbia, reggaeton, and more.
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